Riding waves to improve functioning: a quantitative evaluation of a Surf Week in individuals with chronic phase brain injury with six months follow-up

Environmental enrichment seems to enable people in the chronic phase of acquired brain injury (ABI) to experience new functional abilities and motor/coping strategies and consequently to become more adaptable which might prevent/reverse functional decline. This study describes the influence of a five-days Surf Week program on participants on physical function, self-efficacy, functional balance performance and self-perceived recovery.
A multiple-baseline single-case design was used. Adults participating in the Surf Week in chronic phase of ABI were eligible to participate. Participants completed a battery of tests monitoring physical function, self-efficacy, functional balance performance and self-perceived recovery. This battery was repeated 5 times over a 1-year period, two times pre-Surf Week, three times post-Surf Week. Visual data inspection with two non-overlap methods were used to determine if patients showed sustained improvement in outcomes post-intervention.
A moderate to strong indication for improvements on physical function, functional balance performance and self-perceived recovery exists till six months follow-up. No indication was observed on self-efficacy till six months follow-up.
A five-days Surf Week is a physically, cognitively and socially intensive stimulating activity that can positively challenge individuals after ABI and seems to improve physical functioning, functional balance performance and self-perceived recovery.

Surf therapy, if appropriate measures are taken, is a safe yet physically, cognitively and socially intensive stimulating intervention that capitalizes on enriched environment principles, and might address the holistic needs in this population.
Surf therapy might positively influence physical function, balance and self-perceived recovery in adults with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase.
Rehabilitation professionals should experience/explore with their patients with acquired brain injury challenging (group) outdoors activities such as these, aiming to meet patients’ needs, interests, or values in the chronic phase of recovery, and so create successfully participation in activities that capitalizes on enriched environment principles.

Surf therapy, if appropriate measures are taken, is a safe yet physically, cognitively and socially intensive stimulating intervention that capitalizes on enriched environment principles, and might address the holistic needs in this population.
Surf therapy might positively influence physical function, balance and self-perceived recovery in adults with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase.
Rehabilitation professionals should experience/explore with their patients with acquired brain injury challenging (group) outdoors activities such as these, aiming to meet patients’ needs, interests, or values in the chronic phase of recovery, and so create successfully participation in activities that capitalizes on enriched environment principles.

丰富环境（environmental enrichment）似乎可帮助获得性脑损伤（acquired brain injury, ABI）慢性期患者获得全新的功能能力与运动/应对策略，进而提升适应水平，或可预防乃至逆转功能衰退。
本研究旨在探讨为期5天的冲浪周（Surf Week）项目对参与者的躯体功能、自我效能感、功能性平衡表现及自我感知恢复状况的影响。
本研究采用多基线单病例设计（multiple-baseline single-case design）。符合入组标准的受试者为参与冲浪周的获得性脑损伤慢性期成年患者。所有受试者需完成一套用于评估躯体功能、自我效能感、功能性平衡表现及自我感知恢复状况的成套测试。该成套测试在1年内共开展5次：冲浪周前2次，冲浪周后3次。研究采用两种非重叠法进行视觉数据检验，以判定受试者在干预后是否出现持续的结局指标改善。
截至6个月随访期，受试者在躯体功能、功能性平衡表现与自我感知恢复状况上的改善均呈现中等至较强的证据支持；而自我效能感方面则未观察到相关改善证据。
为期5天的冲浪周是一项兼具躯体、认知与社交强度的刺激性活动，可对获得性脑损伤患者形成积极挑战，且似乎可改善其躯体功能、功能性平衡表现与自我感知恢复状况。
若采取恰当的适配与防护措施，冲浪疗法（Surf therapy）是一项基于丰富环境原则的高强度躯体、认知与社交刺激干预手段，或可满足该人群的整体康复需求。
冲浪疗法或可对获得性脑损伤慢性期成年患者的躯体功能、平衡能力及自我感知恢复状况产生积极影响。
康复专业人员应与获得性脑损伤慢性期患者一同尝试或探索此类具有挑战性的（团体）户外活动，以贴合患者在康复慢性期的需求、兴趣或价值取向，进而使患者能够成功参与基于丰富环境原则的活动。
若采取恰当的适配与防护措施，冲浪疗法是一项基于丰富环境原则的高强度躯体、认知与社交刺激干预手段，或可满足该人群的整体康复需求。
冲浪疗法或可对获得性脑损伤慢性期成年患者的躯体功能、平衡能力及自我感知恢复状况产生积极影响。
康复专业人员应与获得性脑损伤慢性期患者一同尝试或探索此类具有挑战性的（团体）户外活动，以贴合患者在康复慢性期的需求、兴趣或价值取向，进而使患者能够成功参与基于丰富环境原则的活动。