Vol. 17(3)- Replication Data for: The Role of Whiteness in the 2016 Presidential Primaries

Donald Trump initiated his run for president by framing the United States as a nation in descent. Adopting the slogan “Make America great again,” he set his campaign against a backdrop of loss and declared a mission for reclamation. Numerous analysts claim that his candidacy and rhetoric galvanized White voters who feel left behind by changing times, but few have been able to provide direct evidence of a racialized sense of disadvantage, and most polls were not prepared to ask such specific questions prior to the Iowa Caucus. Using data from the National Study of Color- Blindness and Race-Consciousness—a unique nationally-sampled dataset fielded two weeks before the beginning of the 2016 primary election season—this article demonstrates that Trump was not only the most popular candidate among White voters, but that he was especially supported by Whites who think that their racial group fares worse in the job market than do Black Americans; who feel that being White has been personally detrimental to their job prospects; who believe that there are generally more disadvantages to being White than there are advantages; and who disagree with the notion that systemic racism mainly benefits Whites. The present analysis argues that how Whites think about Whiteness mattered for their likelihood to support Donald Trump.

唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）以将美国描绘为一个正在衰落的国家为起点，开启了总统竞选。他采用“让美国再次伟大”（Make America Great Again）作为竞选口号，以失落感为背景展开竞选活动，并宣称了一项复兴使命。众多分析人士指出，其参选与相关言论动员了那些因时代变革而感觉被抛下的白人选民，但鲜有研究能够提供其种族化劣势感知的直接证据，且在爱荷华州党团会议（Iowa Caucus）召开前，多数民调并未准备好提出此类具体问题。本文采用2016年初选季启动前两周采集的独特全国抽样数据集——《无种族偏见与种族意识研究》（National Study of Color-Blindness and Race-Consciousness）的数据，证明特朗普不仅是白人选民中支持率最高的候选人，更受到以下四类白人群体的格外青睐：认为自身种族群体在就业市场上的境遇逊于非裔美国人的群体；感觉身为白人对自身就业前景造成了负面影响的群体；认为总体而言身为白人所面临的劣势多于优势的群体；以及不认同“系统性种族主义主要惠及白人”这一观点的群体。本项分析指出，白人对自身种族身份的认知如何，会影响其支持唐纳德·特朗普的可能性。