Table1_Association Between SGLT2is and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Large Trials.XLSX

The association between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and various cardiovascular and respiratory diseases is unestablished. This meta-analysis aimed to explore whether use of SGLT2is is significantly associated with the occurrences of 80 types of cardiovascular diseases and 55 types of respiratory diseases. Large randomized trials of SGLT2is were included in analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Nine large trials were included in analysis. Compared to placebo, SGLT2is were associated with the reduced risks of 9 types of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atrial fibrillation [RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.67-0.91], bradycardia [RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40-0.89], and hypertensive emergency [RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.72]) and 11 types of respiratory diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.97], asthma [RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35-0.95], and sleep apnoea syndrome [RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15-0.87]). The results of random-effects meta-analysis were similar with those of fixed-effects meta-analysis. No heterogeneity or only little heterogeneity was found in most meta-analyses. No publication bias was observed in most of the meta-analyses conducted in this study. SGLT2is were not significantly associated with the other 115 cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. SGLT2is are associated with the reduced risks of 9 types of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, and hypertensive emergency) and 11 types of respiratory diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and sleep apnoea syndrome). This proposes the potential of SGLT2is to be used for prevention of these cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.

钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2is）与各类心血管、呼吸系统疾病的关联尚未明确。本荟萃分析（meta-analysis）旨在探讨SGLT2is的使用是否与80种心血管疾病及55种呼吸系统疾病的发生存在显著关联。本研究纳入SGLT2is相关大型随机试验开展分析，通过荟萃分析合成风险比（risk ratio, RR）与95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）。最终共纳入9项大型试验。与安慰剂相比，SGLT2is可使9种心血管疾病（如心房颤动[RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.67-0.91]、心动过缓[RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40-0.89]及高血压急症[RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.72]）和11种呼吸系统疾病（如慢性阻塞性肺疾病[RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.97]、哮喘[RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35-0.95]及睡眠呼吸暂停综合征[RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15-0.87]）的发病风险显著降低。随机效应荟萃分析的结果与固定效应荟萃分析结果基本一致。多数荟萃分析未发现异质性或仅存在轻微异质性，且本研究开展的多数荟萃分析未观察到发表偏倚。SGLT2is与其余115种心血管及呼吸系统疾病无显著关联。综上，SGLT2is可降低9种心血管疾病（如心房颤动、心动过缓及高血压急症）与11种呼吸系统疾病（如慢性阻塞性肺疾病、哮喘及睡眠呼吸暂停综合征）的发病风险，上述结果提示SGLT2is具备用于预防上述心血管及呼吸系统疾病的潜力。