Idioblasts formation and essential oil production in irrigated Piper aduncum

ABSTRACT The growing of Piper aduncum for essential oil extraction has increased, but there is a lack of basic information about its management and cultivation, which allows the productivity and quality of the oil, in order to attend the market demands. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between the production of essential oils from P. aduncum and soil water pressure heads (20 kPa, 40 kPa, 60 kPa, 100 kPa and non-irrigated). The assessment comprised the quantification of idioblasts and the production of essential oil extracted from leaves of cultivated plants. The variation in the soil water pressure head alters the amount of idioblasts in P. aduncum leaves, with impacts on the essential oil production. A soil water pressure head range of 20-60 kPa is sufficient for this species to express the highest amount of idioblasts and the highest level of essential oil production. The species adapts itself to different water availability conditions in the soil. Under stress conditions, due to water deficit or excess, the production of essential oil is reduced.

摘要 用于提取精油的弯管胡椒（Piper aduncum）种植规模不断扩大，但目前缺乏其管理与栽培的相关基础信息，难以保障精油的产量与品质以契合市场需求。本研究旨在探究弯管胡椒精油产量与土壤水压力水头（20 kPa、40 kPa、60 kPa、100 kPa 及非灌溉组）之间的关联。本次评估涵盖了栽培植株叶片内异细胞（idioblasts）的计数统计，以及精油提取产量的测定。土壤水压力水头的变化会改变弯管胡椒叶片内异细胞的数量，进而对精油产量产生影响。当土壤水压力水头处于20~60 kPa区间时，该物种的异细胞数量与精油产量均可达到最高水平。该物种可适应土壤中不同的水分供应条件。当遭遇水分亏缺或水分过剩引发的胁迫时，其精油产量会出现下降。