Translation and validation of the Body-Mind-Spirit Wellness Behavior and Characteristic Inventory in the Greek language

This investigation was guided by Hettler's 1979 Six Dimensions of Wellness Model. Dimensions of physical, emotional, intellectual, occupational, social, and spiritual wellness were identified. The Body-Mind-Spirit Wellness Behavior and Characteristic Inventory was used to assess this (BMS-WBCI). The purpose of this study was to further validate the BMS-WBCI by reporting reliability as the scale's internal consistency when used to measure wellness in a sample of aged Greek people. a descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the sample collection. A random sample (n =520) from the Greek general population participated voluntarily and anonymously in the study including 28,8% males and 71,2% females.  Their mean age of the sample was 39.86 years (SD = 10.5), ranging from 16 to 75 years .The BMS-WBCI consists of 44 items which are divided into three subscales (Hey, Calderon, & Carroll, 2006). The first subscale is labeled “body” and consists of nine items (items 1 – 9) relating to risk behaviors including physical fitness, personal safety and dietary intake, covering the physical domain of wellness. The second subscale is labeled “mind” and consists of 20 items (items 10 – 29) representing the intellectual, social, emotional, and occupational domains of wellness. Finally, the third subscale is labeled “spirit” and consists of 15 items (items 30 – 44) covering the spiritual, emotional, and occupational domains of wellness. Each of the 44 items asks the participant to respond on a 3-point Likert scale where 1 indicates “rare/seldom,” 2 “occasionally/sometimes,” and 3 “often/always.” Possible scores for the entire scale range from a minimum of 44 to a maximum of 132. Higher scores designate a higher level of participation in positive health behaviors and agreement with characteristics that contribute to overall well-being.

本研究以赫特勒1979年提出的健康六维度模型（Hettler's 1979 Six Dimensions of Wellness Model）为指导框架，明确了生理、情绪、智力、职业、社交与精神六大健康维度。本次研究采用《身-心-精神健康行为与特征量表》（Body-Mind-Spirit Wellness Behavior and Characteristic Inventory，简称BMS-WBCI）开展健康水平评估。本研究的核心目的为：通过报告该量表用于希腊老年人群健康水平测评时的内部一致性信度，进一步验证BMS-WBCI的效度。本研究采用描述性横断面研究设计进行样本采集，从希腊普通人群中随机抽取520名参与者（n=520），所有受试者均以匿名方式自愿参与本研究，其中男性占比28.8%，女性占比71.2%；样本平均年龄为39.86岁（标准差SD=10.5），年龄跨度为16至75岁。BMS-WBCI共包含44个测评条目，划分为三个分量表（Hey、Calderon & Carroll, 2006）：其一为「身体」分量表，包含9个条目（第1-9题），涉及风险行为、体能状况、个人安全及膳食摄入情况，对应健康的生理领域；其二为「心理」分量表，包含20个条目（第10-29题），涵盖智力、社交、情绪及职业健康领域；其三为「精神」分量表，包含15个条目（第30-44题），覆盖精神、情绪及职业健康领域。所有44个条目均采用3级李克特量表（Likert scale）进行作答，其中1代表「极少/从不」，2代表「偶尔/有时」，3代表「经常/总是」。全量表的得分范围为最低44分至最高132分，得分越高表明参与者参与积极健康行为的程度越高，且越认同有助于整体福祉的相关特征。