IMPACT OF FDI ON INDIAN ECONOMY AND INDUSTRY DURING PRE AND POST-REFORM PERIOD

FDI is generally assumed to be more productive than domestic investment, because FDI encourages the incorporation of new modern technologies in the production function of the host economy. Hence it is believed that, FDI will enable the host economy to produce exportable goods, thus earn foreign exchange to them and also provide employment opportunities which will increase the level of income and decrease poverty. One of the biggest advantages of FDI enjoyed by India has been economic growth. A remarkable inflow of FDI in various industrial units in India has boosted the economic life of country. The main objective of the paper is to analyse the impact of FDI on Indian economy, as in the case of some industrial variables as well as some macro variables. The progress of these macro and industrial variables have also been studied by dividing them in the categories of pre and post-reforms period, which has also assisted in assessing the effectiveness of the reforms initiated by the government in the Indian economy. The research paper is theoretical as well as empirical in nature. It is based on the secondary data which are mainly available from various reports of government and semigovernment organizations in this field, research publications and also relevant websites on the internet. The data collected from such various sources have been classified, tabulated and analysed by using some conventional statistical tools and concluding observations made.

学界普遍认为，外商直接投资（Foreign Direct Investment，FDI）的生产效率高于国内投资，因其可推动东道国生产函数中融入新型现代技术。因此，FDI可助力东道国生产可出口商品，从而为其赚取外汇，同时创造就业机会，提升居民收入水平并缓解贫困问题。印度从FDI中获得的最大益处之一便是经济增长，该国各工业领域涌入的大规模FDI有效提振了国家经济活力。本研究的核心目标是分析FDI对印度经济的影响，同时考察部分工业变量与宏观经济变量的相关情况。此外，本研究还将上述宏观与工业变量划分为改革前、改革后两个阶段分别考察其发展态势，这也有助于评估印度政府推行的各项经济改革的实施成效。本研究兼具理论性与实证性，基于二手数据开展，此类数据主要来源于该领域各类政府及半官方机构的报告、学术研究出版物，以及互联网上的相关官方平台。研究人员对从各类渠道收集到的数据进行了分类、制表与分析，采用常规统计工具完成相关操作并得出最终结论。