S1 Data -

Purpose
Although existing research has generated a wealth of information related to employment for individuals with disabilities, a major limitation is that common measurements of employment do not fully capture the scope of the optimal outcome specified in public policies, namely, competitive integrated employment. Therefore, we aimed to describe the change and stability in multiple aspects of employment for youth with disabilities from high school age to mid-30s under the structural equation modeling framework.
Methods
We identified a sample of 1,921 youth with disabilities who were at least 18 years old in 2003 from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth– 1997. We estimated a series of latent growth curve models to assess trajectories of job quality, indicated by hourly pay, and stability, indicated by weekly work hours, over a period of 15 years.
Results
Trajectories of job quality and stability did not covary or load on a common factor, but there was substantial variability within the sample in both the intercept and slope of these two constructs, which were best captured by a cubic growth curve, and partially explained by health condition and several demographic variables.
Conclusions
Competitive integrated employment comprises of multiple components which should ideally be considered along a time dimension. Future studies need to assess validity of the measurement model with a different sample and incorporate another important component of competitive integrated employment, that is, whether work is carried out at an integrated setting.

## 研究目的
尽管现有研究已积累了大量关于残疾群体就业的相关资料，但现有通用就业衡量方式未能完全涵盖公共政策所规定的最优就业结果——竞争性整合就业（competitive integrated employment）。因此，本研究依托结构方程模型（structural equation modeling）框架，旨在描述残疾青年从高中年龄段至35岁中期的多维度就业变化与稳定性情况。

## 研究方法
本研究从1997年全国青年纵向调查（National Longitudinal Survey of Youth–1997）中筛选出1921名2003年时年满18岁的残疾青年作为研究样本。我们构建了一系列潜增长曲线模型，以时薪作为工作质量的表征指标、周工作时长作为就业稳定性的表征指标，对15年间的就业轨迹进行评估。

## 研究结果
工作质量与就业稳定性的轨迹并未出现协变关系，也未在公共因子上形成载荷；但样本中两类构念的截距与斜率均存在显著异质性，该异质性最适合通过三次增长曲线进行拟合，且可由健康状况与多项人口统计学变量部分解释。

## 研究结论
竞争性整合就业（competitive integrated employment）包含多个维度，理想情况下应结合时间维度进行综合考量。未来研究需采用不同样本验证该测量模型的效度，并纳入竞争性整合就业的另一重要维度——即工作是否开展于整合性工作场所中。