Table_1_The Early Impacts of COVID-19 on Food Security and Livelihood in Vietnam.DOCX

In April 2020, Vietnam initiated a country-wide lockdown to curb the spread of COVID-19. This secondary data analysis evaluates whether NGO-supported households (n = 3,431) reporting to be severely impacted by the lockdowns differ from those reporting a lesser impact, regarding food availability within households and at markets and affordability. 19.2% of respondents indicated that the pandemic had severely impacted their livelihoods. In the severely impacted group, there was a higher percentage of urban residents (25.3 vs. 8.6%; p < 0.001), households reporting decreased income (85.4 vs. 39.9%), and females (56.4 vs. 45.6%; p < 0.001) than in the less impacted group. Both groups reported similar availabilities of staple food groups at the household-level, but the availability of green vegetables was lower in the severely affected group (Adjusted OR [aOR] = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38, 1.00) than in the less affected group. However, local market availability of hygiene items (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.39) and essential medicines (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.50) were higher for the more impacted group relative to the less impacted group. While the self-reported livelihood impact of COVID-19 was associated with a loss of income, the association of indicators of food availability within households and at markets, and essential item affordability, did not frequently differ. Self-determination of a severe economic impact may represent a relative change in the household's socioeconomic status from before the pandemic.

2020年4月，越南为遏制新型冠状病毒肺炎（Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19）的传播，启动了全国性封锁措施。本研究为二手数据分析，旨在评估非政府组织（Non-Governmental Organization, NGO）帮扶的家庭（样本量n=3431）中，自我报告受封锁措施严重影响者与受影响程度较轻者，在家庭内食品可获得性、市场食品可获得性及食品可负担性方面是否存在差异。19.2%的受访者表示新冠疫情对其生计造成了严重冲击。在严重受影响组中，城市居民占比（25.3% vs. 8.6%；p<0.001）、报告收入下降的家庭占比（85.4% vs. 39.9%）以及女性受访者占比（56.4% vs. 45.6%；p<0.001）均显著高于轻度受影响组。两组家庭层面的主食类食品可获得性相似，但严重受影响组的绿叶菜可获得性低于轻度受影响组（校正比值比（Adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR）=0.62，95%置信区间（Confidence Interval, CI）：0.38~1.00）。不过，严重受影响组在当地市场的卫生用品可获得性（aOR=1.64，95%CI：1.13~2.39）与必需药品可获得性（aOR=1.80，95%CI：1.29~2.50）均显著高于轻度受影响组。尽管受访者自我报告的新冠疫情生计冲击与收入损失存在显著关联，但家庭内及市场的食品可获得性指标、必需物品可负担性的相关关联，并未普遍呈现出组间差异。自我判定为遭受严重经济冲击，或可反映该家庭在疫情前后社会经济地位的相对变化。