Greenhouse gas emissions, soil chemistry, organic carbon pool and microbial biomass after soil disturbances in a boreal drained peatland forest

This dataset contains data used in the manuscript "Soil disturbances affect greenhouse gas emissions, organic carbon pool and microbial community in a drained peatland forest". Experiment was conducted in a peatland forest study site Ränskälänkorpi peatland forest located in Asikkala municipality in Southern Finland (N61o10.966’, E25o15.985’; Fig 1A), which has been drained for forestry before 1960’s. The annual mean temperature is +3.8 oC and the annual mean precipitation is 600 mm. This site is dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scot pine (Pinus sylvestris) and pubescent birch (Betula pubescens). The ground vegetation consists of forest mosses (Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Dicranum polysetum etc.), dwarf shrubs (mainly Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium vitis-idaea) as well as forbs such as Dryopteris carthusiana, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Trientalis europaea, and Oxalis acetosella. The peat layer is mainly more than 1 m, consists of sedge (Carex) and wood dominated peat. In March 2021, the site was divided into three blocks with different harvesting treatments: clearcut (6.1 ha), selection harvesting (ca. 60% basal area harvested; 10.0 ha) and non-harvested control (7.3 ha) to study the effects of forest management on tree growth, hydrology and soil processes. In September 2021, soil disturbance treatments were established: 1) 50 kg residues of fresh branches and needles load on soil (2 x 1 m); 2) topsoil removal of ground vegetation and 0-20 cm depth soil layer removed (2 x 1 m); 3) control without disturbance as reference. The three disturbance treatment plots were located close to each other within a few meters, they are replicated in four different locations of each canopy treatment block (3 disturbance treatments x 3 canopy treatments x 4 replicates). Dataset "GHG flux" contains CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes, water table, soil temperature measured during growing season (May - October) from September 2021 to October 2023. Dataset "Soil biochemical property" contains soil chemical parameters (pH, C and N content, NH4 and NO3 concentration, condensed tannins concentration), proportation of stable and labile soil organic carbon fractions, fungal biomass marker (ergosterol) and necromass marker (chitin), PLFA fungal and bacteria biomass, enzyme activities. Soil samples were collected immediately after the experiment was established in September 2021 (T0), then repeated in September 2022 (1 year treatment) and September 2023 (2 years treatment).本数据集包含论文《排水泥炭地森林中土壤扰动对温室气体排放、有机碳库及微生物群落的影响》所用的相关数据。 本实验的研究样地为位于芬兰南部阿西卡拉市镇的兰斯卡尔恩科皮（Ränskälänkorpi）泥炭地森林（N61°10.966′，E25°15.985′；图1A），该样地于20世纪60年代前为林业目的完成排水改造。样地年平均气温为3.8℃，年平均降水量为600 mm。样地优势乔木为欧洲云杉（*Picea abies*）、欧洲赤松（*Pinus sylvestris*）与毛桦（*Betula pubescens*）；地表植被由森林苔藓（如塔藓*Hylocomium splendens*、大羽藓*Pleurozium schreberi*、多蒴曲尾藓*Dicranum polysetum*等）、矮灌木（主要为欧洲越橘*Vaccinium myrtillus*和红豆越橘*Vaccinium vitis-idaea*）以及杂类草（包括欧洲鳞毛蕨*Dryopteris carthusiana*、欧洲羽节蕨*Gymnocarpium dryopteris*、七瓣莲*Trientalis europaea*、白花酢浆草*Oxalis acetosella*等）组成。泥炭层厚度普遍超过1 m，主要由薹草属（*Carex*）植物残体与木本泥炭构成。 2021年3月，该样地被划分为3个林冠处理区块，分别为皆伐样地（面积6.1 ha）、择伐样地（约采伐60%断面积，面积10.0 ha）及未采伐对照样地（面积7.3 ha），以探究森林经营对树木生长、水文过程及土壤过程的影响。2021年9月，设置3组土壤扰动处理：1）向2×1 m样地施加50 kg新鲜枝梢残体；2）移除2×1 m样地的地表植被及0~20 cm表层土壤；3）无扰动对照样地作为参照。3组土壤扰动处理样地彼此间距仅数米，且在每个林冠处理区块内设置4个重复样地（3种土壤扰动处理 × 3种林冠处理 × 4个重复）。 数据集“温室气体通量（GHG flux）”包含2021年9月至2023年10月生长季（5月—10月）内测定的CO₂、CH₄、N₂O通量、地下水位及土壤温度数据。 数据集“土壤生化特性”包含以下测定指标：土壤化学参数（pH值、碳氮含量、铵态氮（NH₄⁺）与硝态氮（NO₃⁻）浓度、缩合单宁浓度）、稳定态与活性态土壤有机碳组分占比、真菌生物标志物麦角固醇（ergosterol）及微生物残体标志物几丁质（chitin）、磷脂脂肪酸（Phospholipid Fatty Acid，PLFA）法测定的真菌与细菌生物量，以及土壤酶活性。土壤样品分别于2021年9月实验设置完成后立即采集（记为T0）、2022年9月（处理1年时）及2023年9月（处理2年时）进行采样。