Oral cavity lipoma: a study of 101 cases in a Brazilian population

ABSTRACT Introduction: Lipomas are benign soft tissue tumors commonly found in the human body. Although common in the head and neck region, in the oral cavity region they are uncommon, accounting for only 1% to 4% of benign oral cavity lesions. Objective: This study aims to identify the clinical and histopathological characteristics of oral cavity lipomas subjected to histopathological analysis at a pathology laboratory in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Methods: Data from all cases of oral lesions diagnosed as lipoma and confirmed by histopathological examination over a period of 10 years were collected, including: gender, age, anatomical location, clinical diagnosis and histopathological subtypes. Results: During the period evaluated, 101 cases were diagnosed as lipomas, representing 1.01% of oral cavity biopsies. Females were more affected, with a male/female ratio of 1: 1.8, and with a peak of incidence between 50 and 70 years of age. The buccal mucosa was the most affected anatomical region, followed by the lower lip. Classic lipoma and fibrolipoma were the histological variants of lipoma most commonly found in the oral cavity, with 64 cases of classic lipoma and 29 cases of fibrolipoma. Other histological variants were: sialolipoma, angiolipoma, chondrolipoma, myxolipoma and intramuscular lipoma. Conclusion: Lipomas are uncommon lesions in the oral cavity, which present a higher prevalence in the buccal mucosa of adults, aged between 50 and 70 years, and with higher female preference.

摘要：
引言：脂肪瘤是人体常见的良性软组织肿瘤。尽管在头颈部区域较为多见，但在口腔内却并不常见，仅占口腔良性病变的1%至4%。
研究目的：本研究旨在分析巴西塞阿拉州福塔莱萨市某病理实验室经组织病理学检测的口腔脂肪瘤的临床与组织病理学特征。
研究方法：本研究收集了近10年间经组织病理学检查确诊为脂肪瘤的口腔病变病例数据，涵盖性别、年龄、解剖部位、临床诊断及组织病理学亚型等信息。
研究结果：本次评估周期内，共确诊101例脂肪瘤病例，占口腔活检病例的1.01%。女性患者居多，男女比例为1:1.8，发病高峰年龄为50至70岁。颊黏膜为最常受累的解剖部位，其次为下唇。经典型脂肪瘤与纤维脂肪瘤是口腔内最常见的脂肪瘤组织学亚型，分别为64例与29例。其余组织学亚型包括：唾液腺脂肪瘤、血管脂肪瘤、软骨脂肪瘤、黏液脂肪瘤及肌内脂肪瘤。
结论：口腔脂肪瘤属于少见病变，好发于50至70岁的成人颊黏膜，且女性患病率更高。