Additional file 1: of Merino and Merino-derived sheep breeds: a genome-wide intercontinental study

Table S1. Breed and population details and within-population genetic diversity parameters. Table S1 provides, for each considered population, information concerning the species, the geographical origin, the membership of breeds to four groups, as specified in the Methods section, the number of individuals (N), the proportion of polymorphic loci (P p l ), a measure of gene diversity (H e ), and the inbreeding coefficient (F). Table S2. Within-population genetic diversity parameters estimated for rarefied samples. Table S2 provides the proportion of polymorphic loci (P p l ), a measure of gene diversity (H e ), and the inbreeding coefficient (F) for population samples rarefied to N = 10 each. The membership of breeds to four groups, as specified in the Methods section, is also indicated. Table S3. Breeds and populations involved in the migration events inferred by TREEMIX. Table S3 provides a list of breeds and populations for which TREEMIX detected possible migration events. The analysis was carried out using the dataset of 671 samples from 37 populations, assuming M = 40. Relative migration weights are indicated. Branches of trees are shown in the Newick format. Only migrations with weights greater than 0.1 are shown. Table S4. Groups of populations involved in the migration events inferred by TREEMIX. Table S4 shows the results of the TREEMIX analysis carried out after removal of the Merino-derived breeds (Chinese Merino, Merinolandschaf, Sopravissana, Gentile di Puglia and Merinizzata) and clustering of the considered breeds and populations into six arbitrary groups, as specified in the Methods section. Relative migration weights are indicated. Table S5. Groups of populations involved in the migration events inferred by TREEMIX, after removal of the Andalusian Merino, Arapawa and Macarthur Merino populations. Table S5 shows the results of the TREEMIX analysis carried out after removal of Andalusian Merino, Arapawa, Macarthur Merino and the Merino-derived breeds (Chinese Merino, Merinolandschaf, Sopravissana, Gentile di Puglia and Merinizzata) and clustering of the considered breeds and populations into six arbitrary groups, as specified in the Methods section. Relative migration weights are indicated. Table S6. Z-scores from the f4 test on the aggregated dataset. Table S6 shows the results of the f4 test carried out using the dataset aggregated into six arbitrary groups (wild, WIL; feral, FER; primitive, PRIM; Merino, MER; Spanish non-Merino, SPA; Italian non-Merino; ITA). Only trees with significant Z-scores (>3) are shown. For each tree, the three possible four-population topologies are reported.

表S1 品种与群体详情及群体内遗传多样性参数。表S1针对每个纳入分析的群体，提供如下信息：所属物种、地理起源、按照方法部分指定的标准划分的4个类群归属、个体数（N）、多态位点比例（P_pl）、基因多样性指数（H_e）以及近交系数（F）。
表S2 基于稀疏化样本估算的群体内遗传多样性参数。表S2给出了每个被稀疏化至个体数为10的群体样本的多态位点比例（P_pl）、基因多样性指数（H_e）以及近交系数（F），同时也标注了按照方法部分指定标准划分的4个类群归属。
表S3 由TREEMIX推断的基因交流事件所涉及的品种与群体。表S3列出了TREEMIX检测到存在潜在基因交流事件的品种与群体。本分析基于37个群体共671个样本的数据集开展，预设参数M=40。表格中标注了相对基因交流权重，系统发育树的分支以Newick格式（Newick format）展示，仅展示权重大于0.1的基因交流事件。
表S4 由TREEMIX推断的基因交流事件所涉及的群体类群。表S4展示了去除美利奴衍生品种（中国美利奴（Chinese Merino）、梅里诺兰夏羊（Merinolandschaf）、索普拉维萨纳羊（Sopravissana）、普利亚良种羊（Gentile di Puglia）以及梅里尼扎塔羊（Merinizzata））后开展的TREEMIX分析结果，同时按照方法部分指定的标准将纳入分析的品种与群体划分为6个自定义类群，表格中标注了相对基因交流权重。
表S5 去除安达卢西亚美利奴（Andalusian Merino）、阿拉帕瓦羊（Arapawa）以及麦克阿瑟美利奴（Macarthur Merino）群体后，由TREEMIX推断的基因交流事件所涉及的群体类群。表S5展示了去除安达卢西亚美利奴、阿拉帕瓦羊、麦克阿瑟美利奴以及前述美利奴衍生品种后开展的TREEMIX分析结果，同时按照方法部分指定的标准将纳入分析的品种与群体划分为6个自定义类群，表格中标注了相对基因交流权重。
表S6 基于聚合数据集的f4检验（f4 test）Z值。表S6展示了将数据集聚合为6个自定义类群（野生类群WIL、野生驯化类群FER、原始类群PRIM、美利奴类群MER、西班牙非美利奴类群SPA、意大利非美利奴类群ITA）后开展的f4检验结果，仅展示Z值显著（>3）的系统发育树，针对每棵树均列出了3种可能的四群体拓扑结构。