pntd.0014088.t001 -

This viewpoint draws lessons from the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) as a public health problem in the Southeast Asia region (SEAR) to inform efforts in East Africa (EA), now the global epicenter of Leishmania donovani transmission. VL is fatal and there is no licensed vaccine. Success in India relied on robust surveillance, rapid diagnosis, single-dose treatment, vector control, and multi-partner coordination. EA faces additional challenges than SEAR with multiple sand fly vectors, sensitive diagnostics and longer treatment regimens, high population mobility, and gaps in ecological and epidemiological knowledge. We highlight how strategies from South Asia could be adapted while acknowledging EA’s unique ecological and health system complexities. These insights aim to guide sustainable VL control towards elimination of VL as a public health concern in the region.本观点从东南亚区域（Southeast Asia Region, SEAR）消除内脏利什曼病（visceral leishmaniasis, VL）作为公共卫生问题的实践中汲取经验，为当前作为杜氏利什曼原虫（Leishmania donovani）传播全球震中的东非（East Africa, EA）相关防控工作提供参考。内脏利什曼病具有致死性，目前尚无获批上市的疫苗。印度的成功防控依赖于完善的监测体系、快速诊断技术、单剂量治疗方案、媒介控制以及多伙伴协同机制。东非所面临的挑战多于东南亚区域，包括存在多种白蛉媒介、高敏感性诊断技术、更长的治疗疗程、较高的人口流动性，以及生态学与流行病学知识存在缺口。本文阐述了南亚的防控策略如何能够适配东非的实际情况，同时兼顾东非独特的生态与卫生系统复杂性。本研究的相关见解旨在指导该区域开展可持续的内脏利什曼病防控工作，最终实现将其作为公共卫生问题予以消除的目标。