Restless legs syndrome in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis

ABSTRACT Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a frequent complication of hemodialysis that has been associated with poor quality of life and increased risk for complications. Nevertheless, few studies regarding this entity exist in resource-limited settings. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of RLS among Mexican patients on hemodialysis; and compare these patients with a control group of the same population. Methods: We recruited 105 hemodialysis patients. Restless legs syndrome was diagnosed according to the updated criteria set out by the International RLS Study Group. We selected patients who did not meet the criteria, as controls. Results: We found an RLS prevalence of 18%. The RLS patients had a significantly higher prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and uremic pruritus. None of the patients reported RLS symptoms prior to hemodialysis initiation. Conclusions: Restless legs syndrome is common among Mexican patients on hemodialysis. Larger studies are required to address the impact of RLS in hemodialysis patients.摘要：不宁腿综合征（Restless Legs Syndrome, RLS）是血液透析的常见并发症，与患者生活质量下降及并发症风险升高存在显著关联。然而，在资源匮乏地区，针对该病症的相关研究仍较为匮乏。 研究目的：明确墨西哥血液透析患者群体中不宁腿综合征的患病率，并将此类患者与同人群对照组进行对比分析。 研究方法：本研究共招募105名血液透析患者。依据国际不宁腿综合征研究小组最新制定的诊断标准对不宁腿综合征进行确诊，选取不符合该诊断标准的患者作为对照组。 研究结果：本研究中不宁腿综合征的患病率为18%。合并不宁腿综合征的患者，其缺铁性贫血及尿毒症性瘙痒的患病率显著更高。所有患者均未在开始血液透析前报告过不宁腿综合征相关症状。 研究结论：不宁腿综合征在墨西哥血液透析患者中较为常见。未来需开展更大规模的研究，以明确不宁腿综合征对血液透析患者的具体影响。