TGO Ramfjordmoen Ionosonde Data February 1986

<p>About this dataset: This dataset contains ionograms in PNG format and covers data from February 01-28, 1986.</p><p>About the Tromsø Ionosonde (1984-1992): During the period 1984-1992 the Ionosonde was situated at 69° 35' N, 19° 13' E at Ramfjordmoen near Tromsø, Norway and operated by the Auroral Observatory of the University of Tromsø. The instrument operated at this location prior to 1984, and still operates there (as of 2018); see the related publication for details. The instrument was fully digitized and based on a Hewlett Packard 21MX computer. The combination of a low power transmitter and complementary code transmission made the Tromsø ionosonde equivalent to a conventional ionosonde (at the time) with 20 µs pulses and 16 kW peak power. Routine operation was one ionogram every 20 min with a frequency sweep from 1 MHz to 12 MHz lasting between 2 and 3 min. For the 100 km altitude region the precision of determining the height of a sporadic E layer is ± 3 km. The ionograms were stored on magnetic tape. A noise discrimination routine in the computer program reduced the stored data to less than 10% of the raw data. In this way one 2400' tape held about 1300 ionograms, equivalent to 18 days' data. The tapes were 4-11 years old when they were read, resulting in around 20% data-loss during the process of transferring to other media. Today, storage is on online disk and with offline an archive on a variety of media.</p>

本数据集说明：本数据集包含PNG格式的电离图（ionogram），涵盖1986年2月1日至28日的观测数据。
关于特罗姆瑟电离层探测仪（Tromsø Ionosonde，1984-1992年）：1984年至1992年间，该探测仪坐落于挪威特罗姆瑟附近拉姆峡德穆恩（Ramfjordmoen），地理坐标为北纬69°35′、东经19°13′，由特罗姆瑟大学极光观测台负责运行维护。该仪器早在1984年之前便已在此处运行，截至2018年仍在持续工作，详细信息可参阅相关研究文献。该仪器已实现全数字化，搭载惠普（Hewlett Packard）21MX计算机作为核心计算平台。其采用低功率发射机与互补码传输技术的组合方案，使得这款特罗姆瑟电离层探测仪的性能等效于当时配备20微秒（µs）脉冲、峰值功率16千瓦（kW）的传统电离层探测仪。常规运行模式下，每20分钟采集一幅电离图，扫描频率覆盖1兆赫兹（MHz）至12兆赫兹，单次扫描耗时2至3分钟。针对100千米高度区间的偶发E层（sporadic E layer）高度测定，其精度可达±3千米。此前电离图数据均存储于磁带上。计算机程序内置的噪声判别程序可将存储数据压缩至原始数据总量的10%以内。按此方式，一盘2400英尺（ft）的磁带可存储约1300幅电离图，相当于18天的观测数据量。这批磁带在被读取时已有4至11年的存放时长，因此在转换至其他存储介质的过程中，约有20%的数据发生丢失。时至今日，该数据集的存储采用在线磁盘与离线介质归档相结合的方式。