Table_3_Study on the mechanism of peanut resistance to Fusarium oxysporum infection induced by Bacillus thuringiensis TG5.XLS

Peanut root rot, commonly referred to as rat tail or root rot, is caused by a range of Fusarium species. A strain of bacteria (named TG5) was isolated from crop rhizosphere soil in Mount Taishan, Shandong Province, China, through whole genome sequencing that TG5 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, which can specifically produce chloramphenicol, bacitracin, clarithromycin, lichen VK21A1 and bacitracin, with good biological control potential. Based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry metabonomics analysis and transcriptome conjoint analysis, the mechanism of TG5 and carbendazim inducing peanut plants to resist F. oxysporum stress was studied. In general, for peanut root rot caused by F. oxysporum, B. thuringiensis TG5 has greater advantages than carbendazim and is environmentally friendly. These findings provide new insights for peanut crop genetics and breeding, and for microbial pesticides to replace traditional highly toxic and highly polluting chemical pesticides. Based on the current background of agricultural green cycle and sustainable development, it has significant practical significance and broad application prospects.

花生根腐病，俗称鼠尾病、根腐病，由多种镰孢菌属（Fusarium）真菌引发。研究人员从中国山东省泰山的作物根际土壤中分离得到一株命名为TG5的细菌，经全基因组测序鉴定为苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis）；该菌株可特异性合成氯霉素、杆菌肽、克拉霉素、地衣VK21A1及杆菌肽，具备优异的生防潜力。本研究通过液相色谱-串联质谱代谢组学分析与转录组联合分析，解析了TG5与多菌灵诱导花生植株抵抗尖孢镰孢菌（Fusarium oxysporum）胁迫的分子机制。总体而言，针对尖孢镰孢菌引发的花生根腐病，苏云金芽孢杆菌TG5相较多菌灵具备更显著的应用优势，且环境友好。本研究结果为花生作物遗传育种以及利用微生物农药替代传统高毒高污染化学农药提供了全新的研究视角。在当前农业绿色循环与可持续发展的时代背景下，该研究具备重要的现实意义与广阔的应用前景。