Data for the article "Gender differences in the intention to start a business: An updated and extended meta-analysis"

The present study updates and extends the meta-analysis by Haus et al. (2013) who applied the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to analyze gender differences in the motivation to start a business. We extend this meta-analysis by investigating the moderating role of the societal context in which the motivation to start a business emerges and proceeds. The results, based on 119 studies analyzing 129 samples with 266,958 individuals from 36 countries, show smaller gender differences than the original study and reveal little differences across cultural regions in the effects of the tested model. A meta-regression analyzing the role of specific cultural dimensions and economic factors on gender-related correlations reveals significant effects only of gender egalitarianism and in the opposite direction as expected. In summary, the study contributes to the discussion on gender differences, the importance of study replications and updates of meta-analyses, and the generalizability of theories across cultural contexts.

本研究对Haus等人（2013）开展的元分析进行了更新与拓展。原始研究采用计划行为理论（Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB）分析创业动机中的性别差异。本研究进一步拓展该元分析的研究范畴，探讨创业动机产生与发展过程所处的社会情境所发挥的调节作用。本研究基于覆盖36个国家、包含266958名个体的129个样本的119项研究展开分析，结果显示性别差异较原始研究更小，且所检验模型的效应在不同文化区域间差异甚微。针对特定文化维度与经济因素对性别相关关联效应的调节作用开展元回归分析后发现，仅性别平等主义存在显著影响，且其作用方向与预期相悖。综上，本研究丰富了关于性别差异的学术讨论，凸显了研究重复与元分析更新的重要价值，并拓展了理论在跨文化情境下的普适性研究范畴。