Elemental and Lead-Hafnium-Neodymium-Strontium Isotopic Composition of a Suite of Northwest Hawaiian Ridge Postshield Lavas

The Hawaiian-Emperor chain, the surface expression of the Hawaiian mantle plume which has been active for at least 81 Ma, is divided into the Emperor Seamounts (81-47 Ma), Northwest Hawaiian Ridge (NWHR, 47-6 Ma), and Hawaiian Islands (<6 Ma). Hawaiian volcanism evolves through four volcanic stages: alkalic preshield, tholeiitic shield (80-90% volcano volume), alkalic postshield (?1%), and silica undersaturated rejuvenated (<0.1%). This data release contains tables with new data consisting of major element oxide concentrations, trace element concentrations, and radiogenic-isotope compositions (87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 176Hf/177Hf, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, 208Pb/204Pb) from postshield basalts from 14 NWHR and young Emperor Seamount volcanoes (~8.5-55 Ma). These measurements were made on whole rock samples that were collected via legacy dredges or submersible remotely operated vehicle dives.

夏威夷-帝王海山链（Hawaiian-Emperor chain）是已持续活动至少81 Ma的夏威夷地幔柱（Hawaiian mantle plume）的地表表现，该构造可划分为三个单元：帝王海山（Emperor Seamounts，81-47 Ma）、西北夏威夷海岭（Northwest Hawaiian Ridge, NWHR，47-6 Ma）以及夏威夷群岛（<6 Ma）。夏威夷火山作用依次经历四类演化阶段：碱性前盾期、拉斑玄武质盾形期（占火山总体积的80%~90%）、碱性盾后期（约1%）以及硅不饱和再活化期（<0.1%）。本数据集发布附带多组表格，收录了来自14座NWHR火山与年轻帝王海山火山（~8.5–55 Ma）的盾后玄武岩全新实测数据，涵盖主量元素氧化物含量、微量元素含量以及放射成因同位素组成（87Sr/86Sr、143Nd/144Nd、176Hf/177Hf、206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb）。上述测试数据均取自全岩样品，样品通过留存的拖网作业或遥控无人潜水器下潜采集获得。