GGE biplot projection in adaptability and stability inference of soybean in an agricultural center Paraná, Brazil

ABSTRACT The state of Paraná is among the main producers of soybeans not only in Brazil, but in the World. However, it presents considerable edaphoclimatic variation throughout its area. This is one of the main causes genotype-by-environment interactions, hindering the selective process as well as the recommendation of cultivars in the state. Therefore, the objective of this study was: (i) to identify the environment that make it possible to represent the conditions of the state of Paraná, in order to facilitate the selection and recommendation of cultivars in future breeding programs; (2) to identify soybean inbres lines stable and adapted to state of Paraná. For this, data from trials in the agricultural year of 2013/2014 conducted with 24 soybeansinbred lines in 18 locations. Genotypic differences were observed with a level of accuracy of 0.93. Despite the environmental differences, it was possible to explain approximately 70% of the global variation of the data with the first three main components. Based on the biplots, it was verified that the locality of Record-PR was the most discriminant and representative, whereas Iporã-PR provided lower. In general, inbred lines 5, 9, 23 and 24 showed good adaptability and stability as well as high grain yield.

摘要
巴西巴拉那州不仅是巴西国内的大豆主产区，更是全球范围内的核心大豆产区之一。然而该州全域存在显著的土壤气候（edaphoclimatic）差异，这是引发基因型-环境互作（genotype-by-environment interaction）的主要诱因之一，进而阻碍了该州的品种选育流程与品种推广推荐工作。为此，本研究设定了两项核心目标：（i）筛选能够代表巴拉那州全域土壤气候条件的试验环境，以助力未来育种项目中的品种选育与推广推荐；（ii）鉴定适配巴拉那州且表现稳定的大豆自交系（soybean inbred lines）。
本研究采用2013/2014农业年度的田间试验数据，该试验在18个试验点种植了24个大豆自交系。研究测得的基因型差异评估准确率达0.93。尽管存在环境异质性，但通过前三个主成分即可解释约70%的试验数据总变异。基于双标图（biplot）分析结果可知，Record-PR试验点是判别能力与代表性最强的试验点，而Iporã-PR试验点的表现则相对偏弱。总体而言，第5、9、23、24号大豆自交系不仅籽粒产量较高，同时具备优异的适应性与表型稳定性。