Attitude toward Preeclampsia.

Introduction
Preeclampsia is a serious obstetrics condition generally diagnosed by the presence of high blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg) and significant protein in urine (≥ 2++ on dipstick urine test) developing for the first time after 20 weeks of pregnancy. It poses severe risks to both mother and newborn, including the potential for maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Although preeclampsia is a well-recognized pregnancy-related complication, there is a notable lack of knowledge and awareness among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia, particularly concerning its signs, symptoms, risk factors, and the importance of timely medical intervention. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding preeclampsia among pregnant women attending King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods
In this quantitative cross-sectional study, 122 pregnant women visiting the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Department were surveyed from April to June 2023. The research employed a structured questionnaire to collect detailed information on participants’ sociodemographic backgrounds, knowledge about preeclampsia symptoms, risk factors, complications, and attitudes toward its prevention and the recognition of danger signs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as ANOVA test, T-test, and Pearson correlation to explore relationships and significance among study variables.
Results
The study revealed an average knowledge score of 25.43 (SD = 5.67), indicating that many participants demonstrated a moderate understanding of preeclampsia. On the other hand, the attitude score averaged 23.39 (SD = 3.11), showing that participants held favorable attitudes toward the risk factors, prevention, and complications of preeclampsia. Notably, participants with higher education levels and those who were employed demonstrated higher knowledge scores.
Conclusion
The findings reflect a moderate level of understanding among participants but also highlight critical areas where knowledge enhancement is necessary to enable timely intervention and reduce adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

引言
子痫前期（Preeclampsia）是一种严重的产科疾病，通常以妊娠20周后首次出现的高血压（≥140/90 mmHg）及尿蛋白显著升高（尿液试纸检测≥2++）为诊断依据。该疾病对孕产妇及新生儿均存在严重威胁，可引发母婴死亡与发病风险。尽管子痫前期是公认的妊娠相关并发症，但沙特阿拉伯地区的孕产妇对其普遍缺乏认知与了解，尤其是在疾病体征、症状、危险因素以及及时就医干预的重要性方面。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯吉达市阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城就诊孕产妇对子痫前期的认知水平与态度。

方法
本项定量横断面研究于2023年4月至6月期间，对122名前往妇产科门诊就诊的孕产妇开展问卷调查。研究采用结构化问卷收集受试者的社会人口学背景信息，以及关于子痫前期症状、危险因素、并发症的认知情况，还有其对子痫前期预防及危险征兆识别的态度。数据采用描述性统计学方法进行分析，并通过方差分析（ANOVA）、t检验以及皮尔逊相关性分析，探究研究变量间的关联与统计学显著性。

结果
本研究显示受试者的平均认知得分为25.43（标准差SD=5.67），表明多数参与者对子痫前期具备中等程度的认知水平。与此同时，受试者的态度平均得分为23.39（标准差SD=3.11），提示参与者对子痫前期的危险因素、预防措施及并发症持有积极态度。值得注意的是，受教育程度更高以及在职的受试者，其认知得分显著更高。

结论
研究结果反映出受试者对子痫前期的认知水平处于中等程度，同时也凸显出亟需强化相关知识科普的关键领域，以助力及时医疗干预，降低不良母婴结局的发生风险。