Methodological toolbox for social aspects of Radon and NORM: Quantitative research methods

The reports here are part of the RadoNorm project which receives funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2019-2020 under grant agreement No 900009. This study is part of the WP 6 workpackage that addresses the lack of systematic and methodological approaches to studying the socio-economic aspects of sustainable radon remediation frameworks and understanding the socio-psychological situation of affected populations and stakeholders. To address this gap, a work package (WP) aims to develop a set of tools to bridge the awareness-action gap regarding radiation protection. The WP will analyze the effects of citizen participation and institutional empowerment in scientific research related to various radiological exposures, such as radon and NORM. Currently, there is limited exploration of the perception of radiological risks associated with geothermal energy, the use of NORM in building materials, and radon spas. The positions of stakeholders in these areas are unknown, which has implications for communication, socio-political decisions, market dynamics, and controversy surrounding exposure situations. To tackle these challenges, WP6 has set the following objectives: developing and testing a social science toolbox of qualitative and quantitative methods for risk perception and behavior related to radon and NORM exposures; creating health communication tools for behavior change in radon and NORM exposure situations; fostering citizen science perspectives in radon-prone areas; investigating and addressing risk perception, communication, and governance challenges in specific exposure situations to improve radiation protection measures; and providing science-based policy recommendations related to societal aspects of decision making in radiation protection. This study contains data from quantitative research methods.

本报告隶属于RadoNorm项目，该项目获2019-2020年度欧洲原子能共同体（Euratom）研究与培训计划资助，资助协议编号为900009。本研究属于第6工作包（Work Package 6，WP6）的研究范畴，该工作包针对当前可持续氡治理框架的社会经济维度研究、受影响人群与利益相关方社会心理状况调研中缺乏系统性与方法论体系的空白展开攻关。为填补这一研究缺口，本工作包拟开发一系列工具，以弥合辐射防护领域的认知-行动鸿沟。该工作包将分析公民参与与制度赋权在氡、天然源放射性物质（Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials，NORM）等各类放射性暴露相关科学研究中的影响效应。目前，学界对地热能相关放射性风险认知、建筑材料中NORM的应用以及氡温泉的相关研究仍较为匮乏。上述领域中利益相关方的立场尚未明确，这对风险沟通、社会政治决策、市场动态以及各类暴露场景相关争议均具有潜在影响。为应对这些挑战，WP6确立了以下研究目标：开发并测试一套针对氡与NORM暴露相关风险感知与行为的定性与定量社会科学方法工具箱；打造适用于氡与NORM暴露场景下行为改变的健康传播工具；在高氡风险区域推广公民科学研究视角；调研并解决特定暴露场景下的风险感知、传播与治理难题，以优化辐射防护措施；针对辐射防护决策中的社会层面问题提供基于科学依据的政策建议。本研究包含定量研究方法获取的数据集。