The link between Parkinson's disease and breast and prostate cancers: A meta-analysis

<i>Purpose</i>: Clinical observations have shown an increased morbidity for breast cancer or prostate cancer in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), however, other reports have noted contradictory results. This pooled analysis was utilized to test whether PD is associated with the risk of breast or prostate cancer. <i>Methods</i>: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library and conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the correlation of PD with breast and/or prostate cancer risk. We identified 16 eligible articles from which odds ratios with 95% confident intervals were assessed as main measures in the pooled estimation. Subgroup analyses and cumulative meta-analysis were also performed. <i>Results</i>: Our results showed no PD risk associated with breast or prostate cancer in the overall population, which was supported by the results of cumulative meta-analyses. The subgroup analyses suggested no significant risk of breast or prostate cancer in patients with PD within relevant subsets, i.e. gender, ethnicity, PD diagnosis time or study design. No evidence of publication bias was observed across the involved studies. <i>Conclusions</i>: This meta-analysis indicates a lack of association between PD and risk of breast or prostate cancer.

研究目的
临床观察显示，帕金森病（Parkinson's disease, PD）患者的乳腺癌或前列腺癌发病率有所升高，但另有部分研究得出了相悖的结论。本次合并分析旨在探究帕金森病是否与乳腺癌或前列腺癌的发病风险存在关联。

研究方法
我们检索了PubMed、Embase及Cochrane图书馆数据库，并开展荟萃分析以明确帕金森病与乳腺癌和/或前列腺癌发病风险的相关性。最终筛选出16篇符合纳入标准的文献，以比值比（odds ratios, OR）及95%置信区间（confidence intervals）作为汇总估计的核心效应指标。此外，本研究还进行了亚组分析与累积荟萃分析。

研究结果
本研究结果显示，在整体人群中，帕金森病与乳腺癌或前列腺癌的发病风险无显著关联，该结论得到了累积荟萃分析结果的支持。亚组分析进一步表明，在性别、种族、帕金森病诊断时间或研究设计等相关亚组中，帕金森病患者的乳腺癌或前列腺癌发病风险均未出现显著升高。纳入的所有研究均未观察到发表偏倚的证据。

研究结论
本次荟萃分析表明，帕金森病与乳腺癌或前列腺癌的发病风险之间不存在显著关联。