Table_2_Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Antioxidant Damage and Immune Response Downregulation in Liver of Coilia nasus Under Starvation Stress.xlsx

Commercial fishing of estuarine tapertail anchovy (Coilia nasus), an important anadromous fish species in the Yangtze River of China, has been prohibited due to the serious damage overfishing has caused to the wild population. Research regarding the energy metabolism is important for migratory fish to ensure the continuation of their existence. In this study, we performed, for the first time, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the liver of C. nasus subjected to long-term starvation stress. The results indicated that the damaging effects involved downregulation of the antioxidant capacity and immune response. The positive response to starvation involved upregulation of the anti-allergy and anticancer capacity, which supports the function of starvation in cancer inhibition, as has also been determined for human beings. This study revealed regulatory pathways, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and mechanisms leading to damage of the liver in C. nasus affected by starvation. This research contributes information for the further study of the energy metabolism mechanism of C. nasus and provides a theoretical reference for starvation metabolism research of other fish species and even human beings.

作为中国长江流域重要洄游性鱼类的刀鲚（Coilia nasus），其商业捕捞现已被禁止，原因是过度捕捞对其野生种群造成了严重破坏。能量代谢研究对于保障洄游鱼类的种群存续至关重要。本研究首次对长期饥饿胁迫下的刀鲚肝脏组织开展了比较转录组分析。研究结果显示，饥饿胁迫带来的损伤效应包括抗氧化能力与免疫应答的下调；而机体对饥饿的正向应答则表现为抗过敏与抗癌能力的上调，这一发现印证了饥饿抑制癌症的作用，该效应在人类中也已得到证实。本研究阐明了饥饿胁迫下刀鲚肝脏损伤相关的调控通路、差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs）及其作用机制。本研究为刀鲚能量代谢机制的后续研究提供了数据支撑，同时也为其他鱼类乃至人类的饥饿代谢研究提供了理论参考。