Data and code for: Culture-based fungal surveys of wooden heritage measure a homogeneous surface signal, not structural decay risk (2015–2025 national survey, Republic of Korea)

This deposit contains the complete data and analysis code underlying the study of the culturable mycobiota of Korean wooden architectural heritage (2015–2025). **Study overview** A decade-scale national survey of culturable fungi from the interior wooden members of nationally designated wooden heritage buildings in the Republic of Korea. Fungi were isolated by culture and identified by rDNA ITS sequencing (with 18S/26S where ITS was insufficient). The study asks how much of community composition is explained by location and building type, and whether the culturable surface assemblage carries information about site-specific structural decay risk. **Dataset scope** - 4,592 fungal isolates (4,574 used in the 175-building analysis)- 175 buildings across 68 counties (metropolitan cities aggregated at the metropolitan level)- 339 building-visits, 2015–2025- 225 genera assigned to wood-microbiology functional guilds **Files** - isolates_raw_4592.csv — isolate-level raw records: year, heritage site, sample code, species identification, genus roll-up, NCBI accession, sequence identity, analysis-inclusion flag- occupancy_matrix.csv — building x genus presence/absence matrix (175 x 212)- building_metadata.csv — building attributes: county, building type, ventilation regime, coordinates, isolate count, visit count- building_guild_counts.csv — per-building functional-guild counts (surface mould, staining fungi, white/soft/brown rot, wood/plant ascomycetes of uncertain decay role, other, unidentified)- genus_guild_table.csv — genus-to-guild assignment with rationale and supporting references- analysis.R — vegan/spdep pipeline for the spatial statistics (Mantel distance-decay, Moran's I, PERMANOVA, PERMDISP)- analysis.py — numpy cross-check of the spatial statistics, plus the Section 3.7 decay-detection tests and the TOST equivalence test- README.md — file descriptions, reproduction instructions, and data notes **Reproduction** Running analysis.R and analysis.py reproduces every statistic reported in the manuscript (random seed = 42; 9,999 permutations). **Data notes** - Coordinates are building-level (longitude/latitude); the county field is used only for cluster-robust grouping.- Visits at which no fungi were isolated are counted as building-visits.- Coprinellus is assigned to "other" (a coprophilous/litter basidiomycete), not to white rot.- Genus roll-up: "Uncultured fungus", "Fungal sp." and "Fungal endophyte" are consolidated as "Unidentified"; "Uncultured X" is assigned to genus X.- Two collection sites (Seoul Donggwanwangmyo, Seoul Munmyo Daeseongjeon; 18 isolates) are excluded from the 175-building analysis. **Related publication** Kim, S.-J. & Kim, S.-H. Culture-based fungal surveys of wooden heritage measure a homogeneous surface signal, not structural decay risk: decade-scale national evidence. **Funding** National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, project no. NRICH-2605-A62F-1-1.