Effects of long-term resistance training on blood pressure: a systematic review

Abstract Studies assessed the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure (BP); however, few studies have evaluated the effects of long-term resistance training on variations of this response. The aim of the study was to verify through a systematic review, the long-term effect of resistance training on BP. Searches were made on Medline through Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Lilacs databases. Overall, 751 articles were found, of which 22 were further analyzed. The analysis followed the PRISMA checklist (Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies) and was divided according to two resistance training models: traditional resistance training (TRT), resistance training alone; or combined resistance training (CRT), resistance training associated with aerobic exercise. Greater BP reductions occurred for CRT compared to TRT. However, further studies are needed to better explicit the resistance training variables (number of exercises, repetitions, number of sets, intervals, speed of execution and load intensity), in order to identify the best training model and improve the methodological quality of experiments in an attempt to reduce the risk of bias.

摘要：既往研究已评估有氧运动对血压（blood pressure, BP）的有益影响，但鲜有研究探讨长期抗阻训练对该应答变化的作用。本研究旨在通过系统综述验证长期抗阻训练对血压的影响。研究通过PubMed平台检索Medline数据库，并覆盖Science Direct、Scopus、Web of Science及Lilacs数据库。最终共检索到751篇相关文献，其中22篇符合纳入标准并进入后续分析。本次分析遵循PRISMA清单（系统综述与Meta分析研究报告规范，Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies），并分为两类抗阻训练模型进行评估：单纯传统抗阻训练（traditional resistance training, TRT），即仅开展抗阻训练；以及联合抗阻训练（combined resistance training, CRT），即抗阻训练与有氧运动相结合。结果显示，相较于传统抗阻训练，联合抗阻训练可带来更显著的血压降幅。然而，仍需开展更多研究以明确抗阻训练相关变量（训练动作数量、每组重复次数、组数、组间休息时长、动作速率及负荷强度），从而确定最优训练方案，提升实验方法学质量，以降低偏倚风险。