Electricity Retail Rate Design in a Decarbonized Economy: An Analysis of Time-Of-Use and Critical Peak Pricing

Currently, most U.S. electricity consumers pay a constant price per kWh consumed that accounts for most of their bill. Ongoing developments in the power system increase efficiency gains that can be made from exposing consumers to widely varying wholesale spot prices. Pure spot pricing is not popular

当前，美国绝大多数电力消费者按照每千瓦时（kWh）的固定电价结算电费，该电价占其账单总额的绝大部分。电力系统的持续发展使得，通过让消费者接触波动显著的批发市场现货电价，可获得效率提升空间。但纯现货电价模式目前并不普及。