Associated factors of overweight in adolescents from public schools in Northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

OBJECTIVE: In order to support plans and actions that combat the local increasing overweight and obesity prevalence in adolescents, the factors associated to weight excess in public school students from Montes Claros, MG, Southeast Brazil, were studied.METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a sample of adolescents from the public schools of the city. The nutritional status was evaluated and an inquiry was carried out in the schools to determine food consumption and practice of physical activities. Factors associated to weight excess were assessed by bivariate analysis followed by logistic regression.RESULTS: Weight excess prevalence was detected in 18.5% of the 535 adolescents evaluated. The factors associated to weight excess were: per capita income above half minimum wage (OR 1.99; 95%CI 1.01-3.93), candy consumption above two daily portions (OR 1.94; 95%CI 1.13-3.32) and absence of sport activity during leisure time (OR 2.54; 95%CI 1.15-5.59).CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of weight excess in adolescents from public schools is relevant and associated with socioeconomic condition of the family, bad eating habits and sedentary life.

研究目的：为支撑巴西东南部米纳斯吉拉斯州（Minas Gerais，MG）蒙蒂斯克拉鲁斯市青少年超重与肥胖患病率上升的防控计划与实践，本研究针对该市公立学校学生的体重超标相关影响因素展开探究。
方法：本研究为横断面研究（cross-sectional study），以该市公立学校青少年为研究样本。通过营养状况评估，并在学校开展问卷调查以收集膳食摄入与体育活动相关信息。研究先采用双变量分析，随后辅以逻辑回归（logistic regression），对体重超标相关影响因素进行评估。
结果：本次共纳入535名青少年进行评估，其中18.5%存在体重超标情况。与体重超标显著相关的因素包括：家庭人均收入高于最低工资标准一半（优势比（odds ratio, OR）=1.99，95%置信区间（95% confidence interval, 95%CI）：1.01-3.93）、每日糖果摄入量超过2份（OR=1.94，95%CI：1.13-3.32），以及闲暇时间无体育活动习惯（OR=2.54，95%CI：1.15-5.59）。
结论：该市公立学校青少年的体重超标占比可观，且与家庭社会经济状况、不良膳食习惯及久坐生活方式密切相关。