IMPACTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH IN COLLEGE STUDENTS

ABSTRACT Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major disease that seriously endangers human health. CVD in many adults begins in adolescence and even in childhood. The cardiovascular health of college students in China cannot be ignored. Objective Verify the impacts of aerobic exercise (APA) on the cardiovascular health of college students. Methods The paper uses the literature method to explore the health-promoting role of aerobic exercise in opposing and improving CVD. Also the APA exercise method of effectively improving cardiopulmonary fitness (CRF) to prevent and improve CVD. The results showed that APA can improve microcirculation by increasing microvascular reactivity. Results Coronary blood flow in healthy adults is only 8% to 9% of cardiac bleeding, while coronary blood flow increases by 40% and oxygen intake by 2-2.5 times. Aerobic exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of CVD. Some risk factors related to vascular endothelial dysfunction, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease, are often accompanied by the phenomenon of insulin resistance in the induction of CVD. At the same time, improving IR may play an effective role in preventing and treating CVD. Conclusion APA can reduce and suppress the occurrence and development of CVD risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and obesity, intestinal microecological disorder, and reduce free radical oxidative damage and apoptosis by improving insulin sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, improving mitochondrial function of cardiomyocytes, reducing body mass index and obesity, and maintaining gut micro-ecological balance, and improving vascular endothelial function and reducing CVD such as myocardial infarction. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigating treatment outcomes.

摘要
引言
心血管疾病（Cardiovascular disease, CVD）是严重威胁人类健康的重大疾病。多数成年人的心血管疾病始发于青少年时期，甚至童年阶段。我国大学生的心血管健康状况不容忽视。
研究目的
验证有氧运动（aerobic exercise, APA）对大学生心血管健康的影响。
研究方法
本文采用文献研究法，探讨有氧运动在对抗及改善心血管疾病方面的健康促进作用，以及可有效提升心肺适能（cardiopulmonary fitness, CRF）、进而预防和改善心血管疾病的有氧运动方案。研究表明，有氧运动可通过提升微血管反应性改善微循环。
研究结果
健康成年人的冠状动脉血流量仅占心脏出血量的8%~9%，而有氧运动可使冠状动脉血流量提升40%，摄氧量增加2~2.5倍。有氧运动可改善胰岛素敏感性，降低心血管疾病发病风险。与血管内皮功能障碍相关的诸多危险因素（如高血压、动脉粥样硬化、冠状动脉疾病）在诱发心血管疾病的过程中，常伴随胰岛素抵抗（insulin resistance, IR）现象。同时，改善胰岛素抵抗或许可在心血管疾病的防治中发挥有效作用。
研究结论
有氧运动可通过改善血管内皮细胞的胰岛素敏感性、抑制炎症反应、改善心肌细胞线粒体功能、降低体质量指数与肥胖程度、维持肠道微生态平衡，减轻并抑制动脉粥样硬化、高血压、高脂血症、高血糖、肥胖及肠道微生态紊乱等心血管疾病危险因素的发生与发展；同时可减少自由基氧化损伤与细胞凋亡，改善血管内皮功能，降低心肌梗死等心血管疾病的发生风险。
证据等级：Ⅱ级；治疗性研究——探讨治疗结局。