[Use of almond leaf as additive in diets for Betta splendens]

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, morphometric parameters, social behavior, economic viability, the presence of enterobacteria in the intestinal contents and a microbiological analysis of the water culture of Betta splendens fed with almond-tree-leaf flour (ATLF) as an additive. Twenty-eight male B. splendens were individually put in 1.5 L aquariums. The experiment was done in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments: 0.00%; 0.25%; 0.50% and 0.75%, of the ATLF, dehydrated Terminalia catappa with seven repetitions each. At the end of the experimental period, the parameters were evaluated: performance (daily weight gain, feed intake, apparent feed conversion, protein efficiency rate, specific growth rate and condition factor), morphometric (total length, standard head, height, profile index and head index), social behavior, economic viability of the feed, microbial analysis of intestinal contents, fillet and scales, and microbiological analysis of the water. Though ANAVA, Tukey test and regression analysis (P> 0.05), the parameters: final weight, weight gain, standard length, total length and specific growth rate were influenced by the treatments (P< 0.05), presenting a quadratic effect. Therefore, the 0.50% level of Terminalia catappa is recommended as additive in Betta splendens diets.

摘要 本研究旨在评估以杏仁叶粉（almond-tree-leaf flour, ATLF）为添加剂饲喂的暹罗斗鱼（Betta splendens）的生长性能、形态计量参数、社会行为、经济可行性、肠道内容物中肠杆菌的检出情况，以及其养殖水体的微生物学分析。将28尾雄性暹罗斗鱼单独饲养于1.5 L水族箱中，本实验采用完全随机试验设计，设置4个ATLF（脱水榄仁树Terminalia catappa粉）添加水平组：0.00%、0.25%、0.50%与0.75%，每组设置7个重复。实验周期结束后，对以下参数开展测定：生长性能指标（日增重、摄食量、表观饲料转化率、蛋白质效率比、特定生长率及条件因子）、形态计量指标（全长、头长、体高、体型指数与头指数）、社会行为、饲料经济可行性、肠道内容物、肌肉与鳞片的微生物学分析，以及养殖水体的微生物学分析。通过方差分析、Tukey检验与回归分析（P>0.05），结果显示：终末体重、增重、标准体长、全长与特定生长率受处理组影响显著（P<0.05），且呈现二次效应。因此，推荐在暹罗斗鱼的配合饲料中添加0.50%浓度的脱水榄仁树粉作为添加剂。