risk shocks on the resilience of farmers' livelihoods

Ziyun County, located in the southern part of Guizhou, has gained attention due to its unique Karst landscape and rich ethnic cultural traditions. Although the county has achieved certain milestones in regional development, it continues to face significant poverty challenges, particularly in remote mountain villages and ethnic minority areas. By 2020, China had successfully met its goal of eliminating absolute poverty, and Ziyun County had made notable progress in poverty alleviation. However, its ranking in terms of poverty-related indicators is relatively low compared to other regions in China. Due to the imbalance in the development of rural areas within the county and the disparities in infrastructure and access to information, economic uncertainties and the risk of falling back into poverty still exist. Ziyun County is home to multiple ethnic minorities, with diverse ethnic cultures and a complex economic and social structure. It is an excellent sample for exploring the poverty resistance ability and the mechanism of sustainable poverty alleviation.
The official survey was conducted from May 1 to July 30, 2023. The research combined structured questionnaires with semi-structured interviews, conducting in-depth field surveys in farmers' homes to collect detailed data for analysis. The selection of survey subjects was based on a combination of literature, geographical location, and the characteristics of tourist destinations. Five representative rural tourism sites were chosen, each not only typical in terms of location but also rich in cultural significance. These sites include Yangchang Village in Yangchang Town, Haizi Village in Songshan Town, Gedong Village in Getuhe Town, Cuihe Village in Bantang Town, and Huangheying Village in Maoying Town. The survey focused on the following areas: (1) basic household information; (2) the impact of risk shocks on daily livelihood activities; and (3) per capita household income. A total of 410 questionnaires were distributed, and 392 valid responses were received, resulting in an impressive response rate of 95.6%.

坐落于贵州省南部的紫云县（Ziyun County）以其独特的喀斯特（Karst）地貌与厚重的民族文化传统广受关注。尽管该县在区域发展中取得了一定成效，但仍面临严峻的贫困挑战，尤其是在偏远山村与少数民族聚居区。2020年，中国顺利实现消除绝对贫困的目标，紫云县在脱贫攻坚中也取得了显著进展，但其贫困相关指标在全国各地区中仍处于较低位次。受县域内农村发展失衡、基础设施与信息获取差距较大等因素影响，经济发展的不确定性及返贫风险依然存在。紫云县聚居多个少数民族，民族文化多元，经济社会结构复杂，是探索贫困抵御能力与可持续减贫机制的优质研究样本。
本次官方调研于2023年5月1日至7月30日开展。研究采用结构化问卷与半结构化访谈相结合的方式，深入农户家中开展实地调查以收集详实的分析数据。调研对象的遴选综合参考了文献资料、地理位置与旅游目的地特征，最终选定5个兼具典型区位意义与丰富文化价值的代表性乡村旅游点位，分别为羊场镇羊昌村、松山镇海子村、格凸河镇格东村、板当镇翠河村以及猫营镇黄河营村。调研聚焦三大领域：（1）农户家庭基本信息；（2）风险冲击对日常生计活动的影响；（3）家庭人均收入。本次调研共发放问卷410份，回收有效问卷392份，有效回收率达95.6%，表现优异。