Simple download service (Atom) of the data package: Hastingues Natural Risk Prevention Plan (NPPN) — Landes (40)

The COVADIS Risk Prevention Plan Data Standard contains all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of the spatial data represented in the Risk Prevention Plans (RPPs).

The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, risk of transport of hazardous materials and risk of dam failure.

The Risk Prevention Plans (PPR) were established by the Act of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether they are natural, technological or multi-risk, risk prevention plans have similarities.

They contain three categories of information:
— Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area.
— The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different intensity levels of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan.
— The issues identified during the preparation of the RPP can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps.

These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to deal with the different types of risk prevention plan (natural risk prevention plans PPRN, technological risk prevention plans PPRT).

This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards.

The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the RPPs, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and on the other hand, sustainable development.

COVADIS风险防控计划数据标准（COVADIS Risk Prevention Plan Data Standard）涵盖了风险防控计划（Risk Prevention Plans, RPPs）中所涉及空间数据的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。

该标准覆盖的主要风险包含本国领土内可预见的八大类自然灾害：洪水、地震、火山喷发、地形位移、沿海灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴，以及四类技术风险：核风险、工业风险、危险货物运输风险与坝体溃决风险。

风险防控计划（Risk Prevention Plans, PPR）由1995年2月2日《加强环境保护法案》确立。该PPR工具隶属于1987年7月22日《民防组织、森林防火与重大风险防控法案》。风险防控计划的编制由国家负责，最终由省长审批确定。无论针对自然风险、技术风险还是多风险，各类风险防控计划均存在共通之处。

此类计划包含三类信息：
— 合规制图：对受风险影响的地域范围进行地理界定，明确适用特定管控规则的区域。该类规则属于地役权范畴，并依据区域面临的灾害风险等级制定差异化要求。所有划定区域均通过覆盖研究全域的分区规划图进行可视化展示。
— 风险源灾害信息：相关灾害文档可纳入编制报告或作为附件附于风险防控计划后，此类文档用于绘制风险防控计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级分布图。
— 编制问题记录：在风险防控计划编制过程中识别出的问题，亦可通过地图形式作为附件附于获批后的计划文件中。

鉴于不同类型PPR之间的共通性，以及提升PPR数据标准化水平的需求，COVADIS选用了一套通用化程度足够高的单一数据标准，以适配各类风险防控计划，包括自然风险防控计划（Natural Risk Prevention Plans, PPRN）与技术风险防控计划（Technological Risk Prevention Plans, PPRT）。

本数据标准并非对风险防控计划档案的完整建模，其适用范围仅局限于风险防控计划中的地理数据（无论是否涉及合规要求）。此外，本PPR数据标准也并非用于统一灾害相关知识的标准化。

当前面临的核心挑战在于，需制定一套规范以实现风险防控计划地理数据的统一存储——此类数据同时受到农业、生态及可持续发展相关主管部门内多个专业领域从业者的关注。