SPEEDOMETRIC, TACHOMETRIC & HZ-METRIC CHROMAXIMETERS & TETANOMETERS WITH IMBEDDED ANALOG SIGNAL RHEOTOMS FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOMEDICAL PRACTICAL WORKS AND WORKSHOPS

This paper describes a novel type of chronaximetry where the conventional measurements of chronaxy and rheobasis are supplemented by the scaled speedometry indicating the excitation propagation speed along the fiber; scaled frequency measurements using hertzmeter (or mm-1) or tachometry indicating the spatial and temporal regularity of the phenomena. The advanced technology compared to the previous implementations allows to perform comparative analysis and isochronism indication due to the embedded computing unit calculating the percentage ratio between two signals, the 1/Х ratio where the first signal is taken as a unit and the corresponding second signal is taken as X, and the square root for the variability index calculation, related to the square root of time, mathematically identical to the volatility. The interface of the above instrument also includes the substitution of the obsolete equipment for the determination of the influence of the DC current on the irritability of the motor nerves – the Heidenhain´s tetanometer, which has not been used in biomedical practice for a long time. The device prototype has been made using the low-cost element base, hence the construction of a similar DIY device is widely available for anyone who is interested in it. In this connection such a device can be strongly recommended for biological and pharmacobiological experiments, biomedical research and the student´s practice.

本文介绍了一种新型时值测定法，在传统的时值（chronaxy）与基强度（rheobasis）测量基础上，新增了标定式测速法，用于表征沿神经纤维传导的兴奋传播速度；以及采用赫兹计（hertzmeter，单位为mm⁻¹）或速率法的标定式频率测量，用以表征该现象的时空规律性。相较于既往实施方案，本先进技术依托内置计算单元可完成两类核心计算：其一为以第一信号为基准的1/X百分比比值（将第一信号设为单位1，对应第二信号记为X）；其二为与时间平方根相关的变异性指数平方根计算，该计算在数学上与波动度等价，借此可实现对比分析与等时性表征。本仪器的界面还可替代长期未在生物医学实践中应用的老旧设备——海登海因强直仪（Heidenhain´s tetanometer），用于测定直流电流对运动神经兴奋性的影响。本设备原型采用低成本元器件搭建而成，因此任何感兴趣的人群均可便捷复刻同类自制设备。基于上述优势，本设备可被大力推荐用于生物学、药理生物学实验、生物医学研究以及学生实践教学。