Leave-one-out results.

New Quality Productivity (NPQ) plays a pivotal role in driving China’s transition toward sustainable economic development. This study constructs a multidimensional evaluation framework incorporating thirteen indicators across digitalization, green development, and institutional innovation, and utilizes entropy-based analysis of China’s time-series data from 2000 to 2022. The results reveal that NPQ markedly enhances economic efficiency, social inclusiveness, and environmental sustainability through technological progress, optimization of resource allocation, and institutional improvement. The composite index rose sharply from 0.0598 in 2000 to 0.9627 in 2022, representing an average annual growth rate of 12.4%. Weight analyses identify low-carbon technology innovation, digital accessibility, and environmental policy strictness as core drivers, with significant structural advances corresponding to major policy initiatives in 2012, 2016, and 2020. Robustness and statistical tests confirm the reliability of the model and the progressive strengthening of digitalization and green development dimensions over time. This study provides empirical evidence to guide NPQ-related policy formulation and contributes new theoretical perspectives to global sustainable development discourse by highlighting the importance of coordinated technological, environmental, and institutional advancement.新质生产力（New Quality Productivity，NPQ）在推动中国经济向可持续发展转型中发挥着关键作用。本研究构建了涵盖数字化、绿色发展与制度创新三大维度、共13项指标的多维评估框架，并采用熵权法对2000至2022年中国的时序数据开展分析。研究结果表明，新质生产力可通过技术进步、资源配置优化与制度完善，显著提升经济效率、社会包容性与环境可持续性。综合指数从2000年的0.0598大幅攀升至2022年的0.9627，年均增长率达12.4%。权重分析识别出低碳技术创新、数字接入水平与环境政策严格性为核心驱动因素，2012年、2016年与2020年的重大政策举措对应了显著的结构升级。稳健性检验与统计检验证实了模型的可靠性，且数字化与绿色发展维度的水平随时间推移逐步增强。本研究为新质生产力相关政策制定提供了经验依据，并通过强调技术、环境与制度协同推进的重要性，为全球可持续发展议题贡献了全新的理论视角。