Malaysia - Post-Distribution Monitoring of Cash-Based Intervention, January 2021

THE CBI PDM Household Survey was conducted in Malaysia between December, to January, 2021. In Malaysia, refugees live in a very challenging environment with limited rights to health, education and work. As the Malaysian government does not provide refugees with any monetary support, refugees depend on low-income work to provide for their families and for themselves. As there are approximately 150,000 refugees in Malaysia, the CBI program is targeted to the most vulnerable groups, with a household income below the national poverty line, women and girls at risk, children and adolescents at risk and persons with serious medical conditions. Assistance to refugees who have been detained and have not managed to earn sufficient funds during their sentence is also provided.UNHCR uses Post-Distribution Monitoring (PDM) as a mechanism to collect refugees' feedback on the quality, sufficiency, utilization and effectiveness of the assistance items they receive. The underlying principle behind the process is linked to accountability, as well as a commitment to improve the quality and relevance of support provided, and related services. UNHCR increasingly uses Cash-Based Interventions (CBIs) as a preferred modality for delivering assistance, offering greater dignity and choice to forcibly displaced and stateless persons in line with UNHCR's core protection mandate. In order to ensure that the cash assistance provided meets the intended programme objectives and that desired outcomes are achieved, UNHCR conducts regular post-distribution and outcome monitoring with a sample or all of refugee recipients.

基于现金援助（Cash-Based Interventions, CBI）的发放后监测（Post-Distribution Monitoring, PDM）家庭调查于2020年12月至2021年1月在马来西亚开展。在马来西亚，难民的生存环境极为艰难，其在医疗、教育与就业领域的权利均受到极大限制。由于马来西亚政府未向难民提供任何经济资助，难民只能依靠低收入工作维持自身及家庭生计。鉴于马来西亚境内约有15万名难民，本次CBI项目的帮扶对象为最弱势群体，包括家庭收入低于国家贫困线的群体、处境高危的妇女与女童、处境高危的儿童与青少年，以及患有严重疾病的人群。该项目同时也会为被拘留且服刑期间无法赚取足够收入的难民提供援助。联合国难民署（United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, UNHCR）将发放后监测（Post-Distribution Monitoring, PDM）作为收集难民反馈的机制，用于了解其所获援助物资的质量、充足性、使用情况与实施效果。该流程的核心原则与问责制紧密相关，同时体现了对提升所提供援助及相关服务质量与适配性的承诺。联合国难民署愈发将现金援助（Cash-Based Interventions, CBI）作为首选的援助交付方式，依据其核心保护职责，为被迫流离失所者及无国籍人士提供更具尊严与选择权的帮扶。为确保所提供的现金援助达成既定项目目标并实现预期成效，联合国难民署会通过抽样或全覆盖的方式，对难民受助者开展常态化的发放后监测与成效评估。