Site-level data used in Gray, Hill et al. (2016) Local biodiversity is higher inside than outside terrestrial protected areas worldwide. Nature Communications 7:12306. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1038/ncomms12306

This is the site-level data used to analyses whether sampled biodiversity differs between sites inside and outside protected areas. These data were obtained from the November 2014 version of the full Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (PREDICTS) database (described in Hudson et al. 2014 The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts Ecol. Evol. 4: 4701-4735 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1303), but include only studies that had sites both inside and outside of protected areas (as described by IUCN and UNEP (2014) The World Database on Protected Areas, July 2014. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. Available at www.protectedplanet.net). The data contain the source, study, block and site IDs. For each site the following variables are given: country, latitude, longitude, diversity measure (abundance or occurrence), land use (both as an eight level and three level factor), use intensity, the start date of sampling, the realm, latitudinal zone, broad taxonomic group, the four response variables analysed (abundance, species richness, rarefied species richness and community weighted mean range size), data on covariates (slope, elevation and agricultural suitability) and whether each site fell within a protected area or not. For each protected site, the following variables from the July 2014 World Database on Protected Areas are provided: IUCN category (1.5 = I & II, 4.5 = III to VI, 7 = unreported), the GIS_AREA, STATUS_YEAR, duration of protection (status year minus earliest sampling date at that site), and the size/age class of the protected area. Variables are also included to specify which sites were used in the matched landuse analyses and the species richness/rarefied richness models (which included only sites for which multiple taxa were surveyed).

本数据集为样点层级数据，用于探究保护区内外采样样点的生物多样性差异情况。本数据集源自2014年11月发布的完整变化陆地生态系统生态多样性响应预测（Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems, PREDICTS）数据库（相关说明参见Hudson等人2014年发表于《生态学与进化》（Ecol. Evol.）第4卷第4701-4735页的论文《PREDICTS数据库：反映陆地本地生物多样性对人类干扰响应的全球数据库》，DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1303），但仅纳入同时包含保护区内外样点的研究（相关保护区界定参照国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）与联合国环境规划署（UNEP）2014年发布的2014年7月版世界保护区数据库（World Database on Protected Areas），由UNEP-WCMC于剑桥发布，可通过www.protectedplanet.net获取）。本数据集包含来源、研究、区块与样点的唯一标识符（ID）。针对每个样点，数据集提供以下变量：所属国家、纬度、经度、多样性测度（包括多度与物种出现记录）、土地利用类型（分别设置为8级与3级因子）、利用强度、采样起始日期、生物地理界（realm）、纬度带、广义分类类群、4个核心分析响应变量（多度、物种丰富度、稀疏化物种丰富度（rarefied species richness）及群落加权平均分布范围大小（community weighted mean range size））、协变量（covariates）数据（坡度、海拔与农业适宜性）以及该样点是否位于保护区内。针对每个保护区内样点，数据集提供2014年7月版世界保护区数据库中的以下变量：IUCN保护区类别（1.5对应I、II类保护区，4.5对应III至VI类保护区，7代表未报告类别）、GIS面积（GIS_AREA）、设立年份（STATUS_YEAR）、保护时长（即设立年份减去该样点的最早采样日期）以及保护区的规模/等级分类。此外，数据集还包含用于标记匹配土地利用类型分析及物种丰富度、稀疏化物种丰富度模型所用样点的变量，此类模型仅纳入开展了多类群调查的样点。