Subgroup and metaregression analyses of diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) produced by nine commonly used risk assessment tools when a tool designer was a study author versus independent investigations.

Note. β = unstandardized regression coefficient; SE = standard error; SCJ = structured clinical judgment; DOR = diagnostic odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; Gray literature = doctoral dissertations, Master's theses, government reports, and conference presentations. aAuthorship operationally defined as being an author of the English-language version of the instrument under investigation.注：β为未标准化回归系数（unstandardized regression coefficient）；SE为标准误（standard error）；SCJ为结构化临床判断（structured clinical judgment）；DOR为诊断比值比（diagnostic odds ratio）；CI为置信区间（confidence interval）；灰色文献（Gray literature）指博士学位论文、硕士学位论文、政府报告及会议报告。 a 作者的操作性定义为：为所研究工具的英文版本撰写者。