Table_8_Biliary Microbial Structure of Gallstone Patients With a History of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy Surgery.xlsx

The biliary microbiota is related to the pathogenesis of human bile duct stones. However, the extent to which a history of invasive endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) affects the biliary bacterial community remains largely unknown. We collected bile samples from the common bile duct of 100 choledocholithiasis patients. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate and compare the biliary microbial community. The patients without antibiotic treatment (AT) were grouped into three clusters based on their biliary microbial compositions. The patients with a history of EST were significantly enriched in one cluster mainly consisting of gastrointestinal bacteria compared with the other two clusters consisting of oral and environmental bacteria. The β-diversities of patients with and without EST were also significantly different, whereas the α-diversities were comparable. The only significantly enriched bacterial genus associated with a history of EST was Pyramidobacter, while eight other genera were significantly decreased. For patients with AT, seven of these genera maintained their association with EST, including Pyramidobacter. However, after AT, the difference in β-diversities was diminished. EST induced a marked shift in the biliary microbial composition. A cluster of biliary bacteria was associated with a history of EST, and Pyramidobacter was specific to EST.

胆道微生物群（biliary microbiota）与人类胆管结石的发病机制密切相关。然而，侵入性内镜括约肌切开术（Endoscopic Sphincterotomy, EST）病史对胆道细菌群落的影响程度目前仍未明确。本研究收集了100例胆总管结石症患者的胆总管胆汁样本，并采用16S rRNA测序技术对胆道微生物群落进行分析与比较。未接受抗生素治疗（Antibiotic Treatment, AT）的患者依据其胆道微生物组成被划分为3个聚类群。与另外两个以口腔及环境菌群为主的聚类群相比，有EST病史的患者显著富集于一个以胃肠道菌群为主的聚类群中。有EST病史与无EST病史患者的β多样性存在显著差异，而α多样性则无明显统计学差异。与EST病史相关的唯一显著富集的细菌属为金字塔杆菌属（Pyramidobacter），另有8个菌属的丰度显著降低。对于接受抗生素治疗的患者，其中7个菌属（包括Pyramidobacter）仍与EST病史存在关联。然而，经抗生素治疗后，β多样性的组间差异已不复存在。EST可显著改变胆道微生物的组成结构。一类胆道菌群与EST病史相关，且Pyramidobacter为EST相关的特异性菌属。