From Sensors to Safety: A Systematic Review of IoT Detection Solutions in Construction Management

The construction industry remains a high-risk workplace due to safety issues and dynamically changing work sites. The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an important tool to improve safety management through real-time monitoring and predictive risk analysis. The growing usage of IoT-based detection systems, such as wearable technology and sensors, improves worker safety and lowers the risk rate of incidents. The three most frequently mentioned challenges in IoT adoption are high implementation and maintenance costs, device limitations, and data security and privacy. However, there is a significant barrier to long-term adoption that includes workforce training and employee safety culture. Other emerging technologies have been integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) for better automation, like artificial intelligence, edge computing, cloud computing, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Augmented Reality (AR/VR). This review contributes to highlighting the necessity of maintaining a balance between organizational readiness and technological advancements to achieve sustainable IoT adoption for construction safety management.建筑业因安全隐患与动态多变的作业场景，始终属于高风险作业场所。物联网（Internet of Things, IoT）作为一项重要工具，可通过实时监测与风险预测分析优化安全管理流程。基于物联网的检测系统（如可穿戴设备与各类传感器）的应用日益广泛，有效提升了作业人员的安全保障水平，降低了事故发生概率。当前物联网应用中被提及最多的三大挑战分别为：高昂的部署与运维成本、设备性能局限，以及数据安全与隐私保护问题。然而，长期推广物联网还面临一项显著壁垒，即从业人员培训与员工安全文化建设层面的不足。目前已有多项新兴技术与物联网实现融合，以实现更完善的自动化应用，包括人工智能、边缘计算、云计算、建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM）以及增强现实（Augmented Reality, AR/VR）。本综述旨在阐明，若要实现建筑业安全管理领域物联网的可持续应用，需在组织就绪度与技术迭代之间维持平衡。