Eddy Covariance data from ICOS-associated station IT-NIV – August-November 2019

Data stored here refer to Eddy Covariance (EC) data measured in 2019 between August and November at the Alpine CZO (Critical Zone Observatory, hereafter CZO@Nivolet) which was established at the Nivolet Plain (Piani del Nivolet) in the Gran Paradiso National Park (GPNP), located in the western Italian Alps. The EC site (IT-NIV) is an ICOS-associated station. CZO@Nivolet is aimed at investigating the cross-scale interactions between climatic shifts and ecosystem functions multiple scales, involving multidisciplinary studies. The main research questions that we aim to answer are concerning: (a) the effect of bedrock lithology, soil physics and chemisty, topographic hetereogenity, biotic components and meteo-climatic parameters in modulating CO₂ flux in alpine grassland; and (b) what are the controlling factors of organic C and weathering under geologic substrates and different topographic positions. The investigations started in 2017. In 2019, the EC tower was added to deeply study CO₂, H₂0, latent and sensible heat exchanges between soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. Carbon dioxide fluxes and environmental variables are recorded during the snow-free season to estimate carbon storage and explore CO₂ fluxes drivers in high-altitude grasslands. Further developments will regard the integration of different techniques (Eddy Covariance, Remote Sensing, Flux chambers) to improve both spatial and temporal extent of carbon fluxes estimates to finally assess grasslands' productivity.本数据集存储的是2019年8月至11月期间，在阿尔卑斯关键带观测站（Alpine Critical Zone Observatory, CZO@Nivolet）获取的涡度协方差（Eddy Covariance, EC）观测数据。该站点设立于意大利西部阿尔卑斯山的格兰帕拉迪索国家公园（Gran Paradiso National Park, GPNP）内的尼沃莱平原（Piani del Nivolet）。该涡度协方差观测站点（编号IT-NIV）为整合碳观测系统（Integrated Carbon Observation System, ICOS）关联站点。 CZO@Nivolet旨在开展多尺度下气候变迁与生态系统功能间的跨尺度相互作用研究，涵盖多学科交叉课题。本研究拟解答的核心科学问题包括：(a) 基岩岩性、土壤物理与化学性质、地形异质性、生物组分以及气象气候参数如何调控阿尔卑斯草原的二氧化碳（CO₂）通量；(b) 地质基质与不同地形位置下，有机碳与风化作用的主控因素是什么。 该观测研究始于2017年；2019年增设涡度协方差观测塔，以深入探究土壤、植被与大气间的CO₂、水汽（H₂O）、潜热与感热交换过程。研究团队在无雪季记录二氧化碳通量与环境变量，以估算高海拔草原的碳储量，并解析CO₂通量的驱动机制。后续研究将整合涡度协方差、遥感与通量箱等多种观测技术，以拓展碳通量估算的时空覆盖范围，最终实现草原生产力的精准评估。