World Squid Fisheries

Some 290 species of squids comprise the order Teuthida that belongs to the molluscan Class Cephalopoda. Of these, about 30–40 squid species have substantial commercial importance around the world. Squid fisheries make a rather small contribution to world landings from capture fisheries relative to that of fish, but the proportion has increased steadily over the last decade, with some signs of recent leveling off. The present overview describes all substantial squid fisheries around the globe. The main ecological and biological features of exploited stocks, and key aspects of fisheries management are presented for each commercial species of squid worldwide. The history and fishing methods used in squid fisheries are also described. Special attention has been paid to interactions between squid fisheries and marine ecosystems including the effects of fishing gear, the role of squid in ecosystem change induced by overfishing on groundfish, and ecosystem-based fishery management.

枪形目（Teuthida）包含约290种鱿鱼，隶属于软体动物门头足纲（Cephalopoda）。其中约30至40种鱿鱼在全球范围内具有重要商业价值。相较于鱼类捕捞，鱿鱼捕捞业在全球海洋捕捞总上岸量中的占比原本较低，但这一比例在过去十年间持续攀升，近年则显现出趋缓态势。本综述全面梳理了全球所有具有规模的鱿鱼捕捞作业，针对全球每一种商业用途鱿鱼物种，阐述了其捕捞种群的核心生态与生物学特征，以及渔业管理的关键要点；同时还介绍了鱿鱼捕捞业的发展历史与所用捕捞技术。本文特别关注鱿鱼捕捞业与海洋生态系统之间的相互作用，涵盖捕捞渔具的生态影响、鱿鱼在底层鱼类过度捕捞引发的生态系统变化中所扮演的角色，以及基于生态系统的渔业管理策略。