Skewness and kurtosis test of normality.

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to substantial interruptions in critical health services, with 90% of countries reporting interruptions in routine vaccinations, maternal health care and chronic disease management. The use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as lockdowns and self-isolation had implications on the provision of essential health services (EHS). We investigated exemplary COVID-19 outbreak control strategies and explored the extent to which the adoption of these NPIs affected the provision of EHS including immunization coverage and facility-based deliveries. Finally, we document core health system strategies and practices adopted to maintain EHS during the early phase of the pandemic.MethodsThis study used an explanatory sequential study design. First, we utilized data from routine health management information systems to quantify the impact of the pandemic on the provision of EHS using interrupted time series models. Second, we explored exemplary strategies and health system initiatives that were adopted to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infections while maintaining the provision of EHS using in-depth interviews with key informants including policymakers and healthcare providers.ResultsThe COVID-19 pandemic and the interventions that were implemented disrupted the provision of EHS. In the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic, Oral Polio and pentavalent vaccination coverage reduced by 15.2% [95% CI = -22.61, -7.87, pConclusionThe implementation of different NPIs during the peak phase of the pandemic disrupted the provision of EHS. However, the Ministry of Health leveraged the resilient health system and deployed efficient, all-inclusive, and integrated infectious disease management and infection prevention control strategies to maintain the provision of EHS while responding to the spread of infections.背景 新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情已对关键卫生服务造成严重冲击，全球90%的国家报告其常规疫苗接种、孕产妇保健及慢性病管理服务均出现中断。诸如封锁、自我隔离等非药物干预措施（non-pharmaceutical interventions, NPIs）的实施，对基本卫生服务（essential health services, EHS）的供给产生了显著影响。本研究针对典型的COVID-19疫情防控策略开展调研，并探究了此类非药物干预措施的推行对免疫接种覆盖率、住院分娩等基本卫生服务供给情况的影响程度。最后，本研究梳理了疫情早期阶段为维持基本卫生服务供给而采用的核心卫生系统策略与实践。 方法 本研究采用解释性序贯研究设计。首先，本研究依托常规卫生管理信息系统的数据，通过间断时间序列模型量化疫情对基本卫生服务供给的影响。其次，本研究通过对包括政策制定者与医疗服务提供者在内的关键知情人开展深度访谈，探究了在维持基本卫生服务供给的同时预防COVID-19感染传播的典型策略与卫生系统举措。 结果 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情及所实施的干预措施对基本卫生服务的供给造成了干扰。在疫情暴发的首个月，口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗及五联疫苗的接种覆盖率下降了15.2%[95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）=-22.61, -7.87，P 结论 疫情高峰阶段实施的各类非药物干预措施对基本卫生服务的供给造成了干扰。但卫生部门依托韧性卫生系统，部署了高效、全涵盖且一体化的传染病管理与感染预防控制策略，在应对感染传播的同时维持了基本卫生服务的供给。