Clinical, tomographic, and postmortem aspects of a rare congenital Dicephalus Monauchenos Iniodymus in a Nelore calf produced in vitro from Brazil - case report

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to report the occurrence of dicephalus iniodymus monauchenos in a Nellore newborn. A three-days old calf, from in vitro production, with duplication of the head and a history of cesarean birth was attended. On physical examination, the dicephalus, iniodymus and monauchenos, which were almost the same size and shape, had four eyes and four ears. Computed tomography showed the presence of two skulls fused with a common occipital foramen, two nasopharynxes, oropharynxes with the presence of a cleft lip and a cleft palate in the right head, which continued in a single esophagus and a single trachea. At necropsy, the presence of duplication of the cerebrum and cerebellum was observed, with union of the parts in the region of the trapezoid body of the brainstem and continued as a single spinal cord. This study characterizes the clinical, tomographic, and necropsy findings of a dicephalus Nelore neonate.

摘要 本研究旨在报道1例内洛尔牛（Nellore）新生犊牛发生双头单颈联体畸胎（dicephalus iniodymus monauchenos）的病例。本次接诊的为1头3日龄犊牛，经胚胎体外生产（in vitro production）获得，存在双头畸形，且为剖腹产娩出。体格检查显示，该双头单颈联体畸胎的两个头部大小与形态近乎一致，共具备4只眼睛与4只耳朵。计算机断层扫描(Computed Tomography)结果显示，存在2个融合为一体的颅骨，共享一个枕骨大孔；右侧头部具有2个鼻咽腔、2个口咽腔，且伴随唇裂与腭裂，后续连接为单条食管与单条气管。剖检可见，其大脑与小脑均存在重复畸形，重复的脑部组织在脑干斜方体区域发生融合，并延续为单条脊髓。本研究详细记述了该内洛尔牛双头畸胎新生犊牛的临床、影像学及剖检特征。