SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC ISSUES IN THE UZBEK TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH IDIOMS (AI-BASED AND HUMAN TRANSLATION)

This study explores the semantic and pragmatic obstacles involved in translating English idioms into Uzbek using AI-based tools and human translators. Idioms are frequently associated with figurative meanings, cultural references, and context-bound subtleties that cannot be understood literally when translated word-for-word. The analysis highlights that AI-generated translations are primarily based on direct translation, which frequently leads to semantic inaccuracies and the loss of metaphorical meaning. Moreover, certain pragmatic gaps emerge due to inadequate cultural and contextual adaptation. Conversely, professional human translation ensures enhanced semantic clarity and pragmatic relevance by employing contextual insight and culturally adapted expressions. The research makes a crucial contribution to the field of translation theory by emphasizing not only the formal strengths but also the interpretive limitations of machine translation in processing idiomatic usage. It stresses the ongoing significance of human linguistic proficiency and cultural competence in ensuring accurate interpretation and natural idiomatic translation.本研究探讨了借助基于人工智能（AI）的工具与人工译者，将英语习语译为乌兹别克语（Uzbek）时所面临的语义与语用障碍。习语往往承载比喻义、文化典故与受语境约束的细微内涵，若采用逐词直译的方式，无法传递其真实意涵。 分析结果显示，人工智能生成的译文主要依赖直接翻译模式，这往往导致语义失准，同时丢失比喻层面的含义。此外，由于文化与语境适配不足，还会出现特定的语用空缺问题。与之相对，专业人工翻译可借助语境洞察与适配文化的表达，提升语义清晰度与语用适配性。 本研究通过强调机器翻译在处理习语用法时的形式优势与阐释局限性，为翻译理论领域作出了关键性贡献。研究着重指出，要实现精准的语义阐释与自然流畅的习语翻译，人类译者的语言能力与文化素养仍具备持续的重要价值。