Result of the antisaccade task.

Inhibition is the key factor of attentional control (AC). Basketball players are typically exposed to noise from the audience or opposing teams while competing. These distractions disrupt the attentional systems, ultimately compromise the athletes’ inhibition ability and directly affect their performance on the court. Hence, effective AC strategies are crucial. Two studies were demonstrated to investigate the effects of noise distractions on attentional control and the moderating effect of self-talk. In Study 1, 36 participants undertook the Stroop task, showing an increased error rate with noise distraction. Thirty-nine national second-level basketball players participated in Study 2, where they engaged in the Antisaccade task under both quiet and noise-distraction conditions, employing different self-talk strategies. Results showed that instructional self-talk reduced the antisaccade error rate in quiet conditions, while motivational self-talk increased the error rate under noise distractions. These findings suggests that noise distraction reduces AC. In competition scenarios, basketball players are required to appropriately implement self-talk strategies to improve AC and prevent potential counterproductive effects.抑制是注意控制（attentional control, AC）的核心影响因素。篮球运动员在赛事对抗过程中，通常会面临观众或对手制造的噪音干扰。这类干扰会扰乱个体的注意系统，最终损害运动员的抑制能力，并直接影响其赛场竞技表现。因此，高效的注意控制策略至关重要。本研究开展两项实验，以考察噪音干扰对注意控制的影响，以及自我对话（self-talk）的调节效应。实验1中，36名被试完成斯特鲁普任务（Stroop task），结果显示噪音干扰条件下其错误率显著升高。实验2招募了39名国家二级篮球运动员，让他们分别在安静与噪音干扰两种环境下完成反眼跳任务（Antisaccade task），并采用不同类型的自我对话策略。结果表明：指令性自我对话可在安静环境下降低反眼跳任务的错误率，而动机性自我对话则会在噪音干扰条件下提升错误率。上述研究结果显示，噪音干扰会损害注意控制能力。在竞技赛事场景中，篮球运动员需合理运用自我对话策略，以提升注意控制水平，并避免可能出现的适得其反的影响。