The bony fishes (Teleostei) caught by industrial trawlers off the Brazilian North coast, with insights into its conservation

ABSTRACT The Brazilian North coast is one of the world’s most important shrimp fishery grounds, with a total area of approximately 223,000 km2. However, the available data on the diversity of fish caught by the region’s industrial trawler fleet are limited to the commercially-valuable species. This lacuna in the data on the region’s marine fish fauna is worrying, both for the management of stocks and the conservation of the local biodiversity. The present study was based on a comprehensive inventory of the teleost fishes captured by the industrial outrigger trawling operations off the North coast of Brazil. This inventory recorded 201 species belonging to 64 families and 20 orders, and revealed a unique fauna, characterized by 17 endemic species, and a mixture of estuarine-dependent and marine species, mainly associated with coral reefs. The Kernel density analysis indicated that the industrial trawling fleet operates within an important ecotone, which encompasses the transition zones of different fish communities found off the Brazilian North coast.

摘要：巴西北海岸是全球最重要的虾类捕捞渔场之一，总面积约22.3万平方千米。然而，该区域工业拖网渔船船队所捕获鱼类的多样性相关数据，仅局限于具有商业价值的物种。该区域海洋鱼类区系数据存在的这一空白，无论对种群资源管理还是本地生物多样性保护而言，都令人担忧。本研究基于对巴西北海岸海域工业舷外拖网作业捕获的真骨鱼类（teleost fishes）开展的全面清查。本次清查共记录到隶属于20目、64科的201个物种，揭示了该区域独特的鱼类区系：包含17个特有种，且兼具依赖河口生境与海洋生境的物种，其中多数与珊瑚礁相关联。核密度分析（Kernel density analysis）结果显示，该工业拖网船队的作业范围位于一处重要的生态交错带内，该交错带涵盖了巴西北海岸海域不同鱼类群落的过渡区域。