Dental trauma in contact sports

ABSTRACT Objective Investigate the prevalence of dental traumas in participants of two contact sports (Judo and Taekwondo) and characterise some related factors. Methods Cross-sectional pilot study of observational nature, conducted by observing and collecting data and information. The sample consisted of 60 individuals of both genders aged between 5 and 15 years old, participants of Judo or Taekwondo. The statistical analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistical measures. Results The prevalence of dental trauma in the studied sample was of 38,3%, with the majority occurring outside the practice of sport (82,6%). Only 4 children suffered trauma whilst playing their sport, corresponding to a prevalence of 6,67%. In addition, all 4 cases pertained to the practice of Judo. The most affected teeth were the primary maxillary central incisors followed by the permanent maxillary central incisors, with only one injured tooth in most cases. The lips were the soft tissue with greatest number of registered traumatic lesions. A statistically significant relationship was observed between risk factors and the occurrence of trauma. Conclusion A high prevalence of dental trauma in the studied population was found. Despite no record of traumatic lesions in Taekwondo, this prevalence was particularly noticeable in Judo.

摘要
研究目的：调查柔道（Judo）与跆拳道（Taekwondo）两类对抗性运动参与者的牙外伤患病率，并明确相关影响因素。
研究方法：本研究为观察性横断面预实验，通过实地观察与数据采集开展研究。研究样本共纳入60名5至15岁的男女青少年，均为柔道或跆拳道项目参与者。统计分析涵盖描述性统计与推断性统计方法。
研究结果：本次研究样本的牙外伤患病率为38.3%，其中多数外伤发生于非运动时段（占比82.6%）；仅4名儿童在运动过程中发生外伤，患病率为6.67%，且该4例外伤均发生于柔道项目。最易受累的牙位为乳牙上颌中切牙，其次为恒牙上颌中切牙，多数病例仅单颗牙齿受伤。唇部是外伤累及最多的软组织。研究发现，危险因素与外伤发生之间存在统计学显著性关联。
研究结论：本研究人群的牙外伤患病率较高。尽管跆拳道项目未记录外伤病例，但柔道项目的牙外伤患病率尤为突出。