Data from: Carry-over effect of leguminous winter cover crops and living mulches on winter wheat as a second main crop following white cabbage

Background: In trials on two strategies for the integration of legumes in a vegetable crop rotation (leguminous winter cover crops and living mulches), data were collected on the two subsequent crops white cabbage and winter wheat. The data on biomass and soil mineral nitrogen content are made publicly available here. 

Abstract: The direct effect of winter cover crops (WCC) or living mulches (LM) on a first vegetable crop has already been investigated. However, little is known about the effect on growth and yield of a second cash crop. The aim of the study was to assess the carry-over effect of legumes grown as WCC or LM on winter wheat as a second crop after cabbage measured in yield and nitrogen release. Two field trials were carried out in Germany between 2019 and 2022. In the WCC trial rye, rye with vetch, vetch, pea and faba bean were used as WCC and compared to bare soil. The WCC biomass was incorporated before cabbage planting in late spring. For the LM trial, perennial ryegrass or white clover were used as LM during cabbage cultivation and compared to bare soil. The LM biomass was incorporated together with the cabbage residues (STU/STT) and compared to an early incorporation of LM biomass before cabbage planting (RT). Winter wheat in both trials was seeded as the second main crop in the rotation in the fall.

试验背景：本研究针对豆科植物融入蔬菜轮作的两种策略——豆科冬季覆盖作物（leguminous winter cover crops）与活体覆盖物（living mulches）——开展田间试验，采集了后续两季作物（结球白菜与冬小麦）的相关数据。本研究将生物量与土壤矿质氮含量数据公开于此。

研究摘要：此前已有研究探讨了冬季覆盖作物（winter cover crops, WCC）或活体覆盖物（living mulches, LM）对首茬蔬菜作物的直接影响，但针对其对第二季经济作物生长与产量的后续效应，目前仍鲜有研究。本研究旨在评估以冬季覆盖作物或活体覆盖物形式种植的豆科植物，在白菜轮作后作为第二季作物的冬小麦的后续效应，评估指标为冬小麦产量与氮素释放量。研究于2019至2022年间在德国开展两项田间试验：在冬季覆盖作物试验中，以裸地为对照，设置了黑麦、黑麦与箭舌豌豆混播、箭舌豌豆、豌豆及蚕豆共5种冬季覆盖作物处理，所有冬季覆盖作物的生物量均于晚春白菜定植前翻压还田。在活体覆盖物试验中，以裸地为对照，设置了多年生黑麦草与白车轴草两种活体覆盖物处理，分别采用两种翻压方式：一是在白菜栽培期间留存活体覆盖物，待收获后与白菜残体一同翻压（STU/STT）；二是在白菜定植前提前翻压活体覆盖物生物量（RT）。两项试验均于秋季播种冬小麦作为轮作的第二季主栽作物。