TU Delft optical disdrometer data - PAR003 at Green Village

<strong>Description:</strong>In-situ measurements of raindrop size distributions, fall velocities, drop number concentrations and surface rain rates recorded by a Parsivel2 optical disdrometer named "PAR003_Green_Village", placed at the Green Village in Delft, The Netherlands. <br>This dataset is part of a larger collection of datasets published by the Dept. of Geoscience and Remote Sensing (GRS) at TU Delft within the framework of the Ruisdael Observatory (https://ruisdael-observatory.nl/).<br>The Parsivel2 optical disdrometer, manufactured by OTT Hydromet, is a widely used precipitation sensor which measures the size and velocity of raindrops as they pass through a horizontal laser beam. These measurements are aggregated over fixed intervals (typically 60 seconds) to produce a matrix of drop counts across 32 size and velocity classes, which is then used to approximate the raindrop size distribution (DSD) per unit volume of air. At the Ruisdael observatory, all Parsivel2 disdrometers are operated with a temporal sampling resolution of 60 seconds.<br><strong>List of variables:</strong>* latitude, longitude and altitude of measurement site* time (in UTC), both in numeric and text format* rainfall intensity* weather codes (synop 4677, synop 4680, metar 4678, NWS)* meteorological optical range in precipitation* radar reflectivity* number of hydrometeors per minute at the surface, grouped according to 32 diameter and 32 velocity classes* number concentrations of raindrop sizes (for 32 diameter classes), per unit volume of air * total number of detected hydrometeors per minute* kinetic energy of hydrometeors* laser amplitude and laser status* internal temperature of sensor<br><strong>Relevance:</strong>Optical disdrometer data are useful for studying the type, dynamics and microphysics of precipitation from the perspective of a fixed observer on the ground. The data can be used to help calibrate weather radars, improve quantitative precipitation estimates, calculate the absorption/attenuation/propagation of electromagnetic signals through the atmosphere, and quantify important physical quantities such as liquid water content, rain amount, intensity and kinetic energy.

<strong>数据集描述：</strong>本数据集包含由名为"PAR003_Green_Village"的Parsivel2型光学雨滴谱仪（optical disdrometer）采集的雨滴粒径分布、雨滴下落末速度、雨滴数浓度与地表降雨率的原位测量数据，该仪器部署于荷兰代尔夫特的绿色村庄（Green Village）园区。
本数据集属于代尔夫特理工大学（TU Delft）地球科学与遥感系（GRS）在莱斯达尔天文台（Ruisdael Observatory，https://ruisdael-observatory.nl/）框架下发布的大型数据集合集的一部分。
由OTT Hydromet公司制造的Parsivel2型光学雨滴谱仪是一款广泛应用的降水传感器，可通过水平激光束测量雨滴穿过光束时的粒径与下落末速度。该测量数据会以固定时间间隔（通常为60秒）进行聚合，生成包含32个粒径与速度等级的雨滴计数矩阵，借此可估算单位空气体积内的雨滴粒径分布（drop size distribution，简称DSD）。在莱斯达尔天文台中，所有Parsivel2型雨滴谱仪均采用60秒的时间采样分辨率运行。
<strong>变量列表：</strong>* 测量站点的纬度、经度与海拔高度* 以数值与文本格式记录的UTC时间* 降雨强度* 天气代码（synop 4677、synop 4680、metar 4678、美国国家气象局（National Weather Service，NWS）标准）* 降水期间的气象光学视程* 雷达反射率* 地表每分钟探测到的水凝物数量，按32个粒径等级与32个速度等级分组* 单位空气体积内的雨滴粒径数浓度（对应32个粒径等级）* 每分钟探测到的水凝物总数量* 水凝物动能* 激光振幅与激光工作状态* 传感器内部温度
<strong>数据应用价值：</strong>光学雨滴谱仪数据可用于从地面固定观测视角，研究降水的类型、动力学特征与微观物理特性。该数据可用于辅助气象雷达校准、优化定量降水估算、计算电磁信号在大气中的吸收、衰减与传播特性，以及量化液态水含量、降雨量、降雨强度与动能等关键物理量。