Antiproliferative effect of guava fruit extracts in MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines

Abstract Breast cancer is the most frequent and lethal neoplastic disease among women worldwide. Psidium Guajava is a promising functional food against cancer, owing to a variety of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the anticarcinogenic potential of Pedro Sato (PS), Hitigio (HI) and Tsumori (TS) guava cultivars fruit pulp extracts in MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts and their effect on cell viability, cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed. Additionally, the concentration of carotenoids, total phenolics, ascorbic acid and other physicochemical parameters were evaluated. PS pulp extract showed the highest in vitro antioxidative activity by all tested methods, as well as the highest content of lycopene and total phenolics, while TS pulp extract presented the highest concentration of β-carotene. After 48 hours treatment, all guava cultivars’ extracts caused reduction of MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7 cells viability, with PS and HI being the most effective extracts. All guava extracts caused MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7 cell count reduction in G0/G1 and G2/M phases and increased apoptosis. The present results strongly suggest that guava pulp exerts antiproliferative effect on breast adenocarcinoma cells.

摘要 乳腺癌是全球女性中发病率最高且致死性最强的肿瘤性疾病。番石榴（Psidium Guajava）因含有多种生物活性成分，是一种极具潜力的抗癌功能食品。本研究旨在评估佩德罗·佐藤（Pedro Sato，PS）、希蒂吉奥（Hitigio，HI）及津守（Tsumori，TS）三个番石榴品种的果肉提取物对MDA-MB-435和MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞的抗癌潜能。研究检测了提取物的抗氧化能力，以及其对细胞活力、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响；此外还测定了类胡萝卜素、总酚类物质、抗坏血酸的含量及其他理化参数。结果显示，PS果肉提取物在所有受试检测方法中均表现出最高的体外抗氧化活性，同时其番茄红素与总酚类物质含量也最高；而TS果肉提取物的β-胡萝卜素含量最高。经过48小时处理后，所有三个番石榴品种的提取物均可降低MDA-MB-435和MCF-7细胞的活力，其中PS和HI提取物的效果最为显著。所有番石榴提取物均可使MDA-MB-435和MCF-7细胞在G0/G1期与G2/M期的细胞数量减少，并促进细胞凋亡。本研究结果强烈表明，番石榴果肉对乳腺腺癌细胞具有抗增殖作用。