Bud position influence the fruit quality attributes of three blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) cultivars

ABSTRACT Blueberry farming can be considered an excellent alternative to diversify the family income. In addition, the fruits have several health benefits thanks to the presence of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, however blueberries chemical composition is affected by edaphoclimatic conditions and bud position within the shoot. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of the bud position on the total phenolic content, anthocyanins, antioxidant capacity, and other quality parameters of blueberry fruits of three cultivars (Climax, Bluegem, and Powderblue) grown in the mesoregion of Pelotas, Brazil. Fruits of these cultivars were harvested from three shoot position. The fruits were evaluated for their total soluble solids content, pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids/total titratable acidity ratio, fruit color, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant potential against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical. The bud position in the shoots influenced the physicochemical parameters of the blueberry fruits of all cultivars. Fruits harvested from apical levels had higher content of soluble solids, pH, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant potential, demonstrating that studies aiming at evaluating fruits from different shoot levels are important, as they directly impact the quality of the fruits as well as their biological potentials.摘要：蓝莓种植可作为多元化家庭收入的优质途径。此外，蓝莓果实因含有酚类化合物与花青素而具备多种健康益处，但其化学组成会受到土壤气候条件以及枝条内芽位的影响。因此，本研究旨在评估芽位对巴西佩洛塔斯中地理区域种植的三个蓝莓品种（Climax、Bluegem、Powderblue）果实的总酚含量、花青素、抗氧化能力及其他品质参数的影响。本研究从三个枝条部位采集了各供试品种的果实，并对其总可溶性固形物含量、pH值、总可滴定酸度、总可溶性固形物/总可滴定酸度比值、果实色泽、酚类化合物、花青素含量以及针对2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼基（2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl，DPPH）自由基的抗氧化潜能进行了测定。研究发现，枝条内的芽位会对所有供试蓝莓品种的果实理化参数产生显著影响：从枝条顶端部位采收的果实，其可溶性固形物含量、pH值、酚类化合物、花青素含量以及抗氧化潜能均更高。这表明针对不同枝条部位果实的评估研究具有重要意义，因为果实着生位置直接影响果实品质及其生物活性潜力。