Miyake-jima Anorthite: A Lunar Crustal Material Analog (Supplementary)

High calcic (~95% anorthite) plagioclase is the key mineral comprising the primary lunar crustal suites which covers over 60% of the Moon’s surface. Pristine crystals of similar high calcic plagioclase are rare occurrences on Earth, which creates a roadblock to using terrestrial material as lunar crustal analog. We discuss the potential of a particular megacrystic anorthite (An95.51 ± 0.31) occurring in the basaltic lava flows of island arc volcano in Miyake-jima, Japan to be treated as an analog material. A comprehensive analytical routine for the Miyake-jima anorthites has been performed to explore intra- and inter-crystalline heterogeneities in terms of major, minor and trace elements. These anorthites show flat concentration gradients across core to rim profiles for all major elements (Si, Al, Ca, Na) minor elements (Mg, Fe) and most trace elements (La, Ce, Pm, Nd, Eu). Comparing the chemical composition of the samples with that of different lunar crustal suites like ferroan anorthosites, high-magnesium suites and high alkali suites show that the Miyake-jima anorthites are overlapping or depleted in most minor and trace elements except for slight enrichment in Li, Ti, Fe, Sr, Eu, Ba, and Pb. The low abundance of most trace elements provide the opportunity to dope the anorthites with the elements of interest and explore their interaction with the An95 matrix. The lack of typical magmatic zoning and overlapping elemental compositions across the different megacrysts make the Miyake-jima anorthites very well-suited for studying lunar crustal spectra, mineralogy and petrology. Near and thermal infrared spectral measurements of the anorthites highlight the importance of developing chemically and mineralogically consistent terrestrial analogs for remote sensing studies.Supplementary Figures: S1 - S6 (Supplementary Figure S1. Reflected light images of Miyake-jima anorthite crystals; Supplementary Figure S2. Relative error of analyzed external reference material BCR-2G and BHVO-2G; Supplementary Figure S3. Concentration of copper (in ppm) measured using 63Cu and 65Cu isotopes for individual analyses; Supplementary Figure S4. Chondrite-normalized individual LREEs across profiles of crystals; Supplementary Figure S5. Measured Th concentrations (with 2-sigma standard errors) and all limits of detection (LOD) for analyses of Miyake-jima crystals; Supplementary Figure S6. Comparison between analytical techniques between electron microprobe, SIMS and LA-ICPMSfor (a) Na (ppm) from SIMS and LA-ICP-MS techniques.)Supplementary Table S1. Compositions of standards used in electron microprobe analysesSupplementary Table S2. Laser ICPMS data set including standard deviations and limits of detections of individual analyses from sessions I to IVSupplementary Table S3. Electron microprobe data set of individual analyses across grain profiles which includes oxide %, element %, standard deviations and limits of detectionsSupplementary Table S4. SIMS data of individual core and rim analyses with data summary tablesFor inquiries regarding the contents of this dataset, please contact the Corresponding Author listed in the README.txt file. Administrative inquiries (e.g., removal requests, trouble downloading, etc.) can be directed to [e-mail]高钙（约含95%钙长石（anorthite））斜长石是构成月球主要地壳岩套的关键矿物，该岩套覆盖了月球表面超过60%的区域。纯净未蚀变的同类高钙斜长石单晶在地球上极为罕见，这成为以陆源物质作为月球地壳类比物的一大阻碍。本文探讨了产自日本三宅岛（Miyake-jima）岛弧火山玄武岩熔岩流中的一种特殊巨晶钙长石（megacrystic anorthite，An95.51 ± 0.31）作为类比材料的潜力。 研究团队针对三宅岛钙长石建立了一套完整的分析流程，以探究其晶内与晶间的主量元素、微量元素及痕量元素非均质性。该类钙长石的所有主量元素（硅Si、铝Al、钙Ca、钠Na）、微量元素（镁Mg、铁Fe）以及多数痕量元素（镧La、铈Ce、钷Pm、钕Nd、铕Eu）从晶核到晶缘的浓度梯度均较为平缓。 将样品的化学成分与亚铁钙长岩套、高镁岩套及高碱岩套等不同月球地壳岩套进行对比后发现，三宅岛钙长石在多数微量与痕量元素上与月球岩套重合或呈亏损状态，仅锂Li、钛Ti、铁Fe、锶Sr、铕Eu、钡Ba及铅Pb呈现轻微富集。多数痕量元素的低丰度特性，使得可以通过掺杂目标元素来研究其与An95基质的相互作用。这类钙长石缺乏典型的岩浆分带特征，且不同巨晶之间的元素组成相互重合，使其非常适合用于月球地壳光谱、矿物学及岩石学研究。 对该类钙长石的近红外与热红外光谱测量结果，凸显了研发化学与矿物学特征匹配的陆源类比物以用于遥感研究的重要性。 补充图：S1至S6 补充图S1：三宅岛钙长石单晶的反射光图像； 补充图S2：分析外部标准物质BCR-2G与BHVO-2G的相对误差； 补充图S3：单次分析中利用63Cu与65Cu同位素测得的铜浓度（单位：ppm）； 补充图S4：单晶剖面中各轻稀土元素（LREEs）的球粒陨石（chondrite）标准化丰度； 补充图S5：三宅岛钙长石分析中测得的钍（Th）浓度（附2σ标准误差）及所有检测限（LOD）； 补充图S6：电子探针、二次离子质谱（SIMS）与激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱（LA-ICP-MS）三种分析技术的对比：(a) SIMS与LA-ICP-MS技术测得的钠（Na）浓度（单位：ppm）。 补充表： 补充表S1：电子探针分析所用标准物质的成分； 补充表S2：激光ICP-MS数据集，包含第I至IV轮次单次分析的标准偏差与检测限； 补充表S3：单晶剖面单次分析的电子探针数据集，包含氧化物占比、元素占比、标准偏差及检测限； 补充表S4：晶核与晶缘单次分析的SIMS数据，附数据汇总表。 若对本数据集内容有疑问，请联系README.txt文件中列出的通讯作者。关于行政事务（如删除申请、下载故障等）的咨询，请发送至[e-mail]